mirror of https://github.com/vapor/docs.git
1678 lines
37 KiB
HTML
1678 lines
37 KiB
HTML
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<!DOCTYPE html>
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<html class="no-js">
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<head>
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<meta charset="utf-8">
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<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1">
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<link rel="shortcut icon" href="../../assets/images/favicon.png">
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<meta name="generator" content="mkdocs-0.16.2, mkdocs-material-1.1.1">
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<title>Overview - Vapor Docs</title>
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<script src="../../assets/javascripts/modernizr-56ade86843.js"></script>
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<link rel="stylesheet" href="../../assets/stylesheets/application-e5b48ab351.css">
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<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Roboto Slab:300,400,400i,700|Source+Code+Pro">
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<style>body,input{font-family:"Roboto Slab","Helvetica Neue",Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif}code,kbd,pre{font-family:"Source Code Pro","Courier New",Courier,monospace}</style>
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<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/icon?family=Material+Icons">
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<link rel="stylesheet" href="../../stylesheets/extra.css">
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</head>
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<body>
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<svg class="md-svg">
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<defs>
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<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="416" height="448" viewBox="0 0 416 448" id="github"><path fill="currentColor" d="M160 304q0 10-3.125 20.5t-10.75 19T128 352t-18.125-8.5-10.75-19T96 304t3.125-20.5 10.75-19T128 256t18.125 8.5 10.75 19T160 304zm160 0q0 10-3.125 20.5t-10.75 19T288 352t-18.125-8.5-10.75-19T256 304t3.125-20.5 10.75-19T288 256t18.125 8.5 10.75 19T320 304zm40 0q0-30-17.25-51T296 232q-10.25 0-48.75 5.25Q229.5 240 208 240t-39.25-2.75Q130.75 232 120 232q-29.5 0-46.75 21T56 304q0 22 8 38.375t20.25 25.75 30.5 15 35 7.375 37.25 1.75h42q20.5 0 37.25-1.75t35-7.375 30.5-15 20.25-25.75T360 304zm56-44q0 51.75-15.25 82.75-9.5 19.25-26.375 33.25t-35.25 21.5-42.5 11.875-42.875 5.5T212 416q-19.5 0-35.5-.75t-36.875-3.125-38.125-7.5-34.25-12.875T37 371.5t-21.5-28.75Q0 312 0 260q0-59.25 34-99-6.75-20.5-6.75-42.5 0-29 12.75-54.5 27 0 47.5 9.875t47.25 30.875Q171.5 96 212 96q37 0 70 8 26.25-20.5 46.75-30.25T376 64q12.75 25.5 12.75 54.5 0 21.75-6.75 42 34 40 34 99.5z"/></svg>
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</defs>
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</svg>
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<input class="md-toggle" data-md-toggle="drawer" type="checkbox" id="drawer">
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<input class="md-toggle" data-md-toggle="search" type="checkbox" id="search">
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<label class="md-overlay" data-md-component="overlay" for="drawer"></label>
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<header class="md-header">
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<nav class="md-header-nav md-grid">
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<div class="md-flex">
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<div class="md-flex__cell md-flex__cell--shrink">
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<a href="../.." title="Vapor Docs" class="md-logo md-header-nav__button">
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<img src="../../images/droplet-white.svg" width="24" height="24">
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</a>
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</div>
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<div class="md-flex__cell md-flex__cell--shrink">
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<label class="md-icon md-icon--menu md-header-nav__button" for="drawer"></label>
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</div>
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<div class="md-flex__cell md-flex__cell--stretch">
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<span class="md-flex__ellipsis md-header-nav__title">
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<span class="md-header-nav__parent">
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Bits
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</span>
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Overview
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</span>
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</div>
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<div class="md-flex__cell md-flex__cell--shrink">
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<label class="md-icon md-icon--search md-header-nav__button" for="search"></label>
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<div class="md-search" data-md-component="search">
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<div class="md-search__overlay"></div>
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<div class="md-search__inner">
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<form class="md-search__form" name="search">
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<input type="text" class="md-search__input" name="query" placeholder="Search" accesskey="s" autocapitalize="off" autocorrect="off" autocomplete="off" spellcheck="false" data-md-component="query">
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<label class="md-icon md-search__icon" for="search"></label>
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</form>
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<div class="md-search__output">
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<div class="md-search__scrollwrap" data-md-scrollfix>
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<div class="md-search-result" data-md-component="result"></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="md-flex__cell md-flex__cell--shrink">
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<div class="md-header-nav__source">
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<a href="https://github.com/vapor/documentation" title="Go to repository" class="md-source" data-md-source="github">
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<div class="md-source__icon">
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<svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="24" height="24">
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<use xlink:href="#github" width="24" height="24"></use>
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</svg>
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</div>
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<div class="md-source__repository">
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GitHub
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</div>
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</a>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</nav>
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</header>
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<div class="md-container">
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<main class="md-main">
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<div class="md-main__inner md-grid" data-md-component="container">
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<div class="md-sidebar md-sidebar--primary" data-md-component="navigation">
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<div class="md-sidebar__scrollwrap">
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<div class="md-sidebar__inner">
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<nav class="md-nav md-nav--primary" data-md-level="0">
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<label class="md-nav__title md-nav__title--site" for="drawer">
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<i class="md-logo md-nav__button">
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<img src="../../images/droplet-white.svg">
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</i>
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Vapor Docs
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</label>
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<div class="md-nav__source">
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<a href="https://github.com/vapor/documentation" title="Go to repository" class="md-source" data-md-source="github">
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<div class="md-source__icon">
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<svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="24" height="24">
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<use xlink:href="#github" width="24" height="24"></use>
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</svg>
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</div>
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<div class="md-source__repository">
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GitHub
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</div>
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</a>
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</div>
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<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../.." title="Overview" class="md-nav__link">
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Overview
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
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<input class="md-toggle md-nav__toggle" data-md-toggle="nav-2" type="checkbox" id="nav-2">
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<label class="md-nav__link" for="nav-2">
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Getting started
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</label>
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<nav class="md-nav" data-md-component="collapsible" data-md-level="1">
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<label class="md-nav__title" for="nav-2">
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Getting started
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</label>
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<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../getting-started/install-on-macos/" title="Install: macOS" class="md-nav__link">
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Install: macOS
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../getting-started/install-on-ubuntu/" title="Install: Ubuntu" class="md-nav__link">
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Install: Ubuntu
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../getting-started/toolbox/" title="Toolbox" class="md-nav__link">
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Toolbox
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../getting-started/hello-world/" title="Hello, World" class="md-nav__link">
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Hello, World
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../getting-started/manual/" title="Manual" class="md-nav__link">
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Manual
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../getting-started/xcode/" title="Xcode" class="md-nav__link">
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Xcode
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</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</nav>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
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<input class="md-toggle md-nav__toggle" data-md-toggle="nav-3" type="checkbox" id="nav-3">
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<label class="md-nav__link" for="nav-3">
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Vapor
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</label>
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<nav class="md-nav" data-md-component="collapsible" data-md-level="1">
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<label class="md-nav__title" for="nav-3">
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Vapor
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</label>
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<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../vapor/folder-structure/" title="Folder Structure" class="md-nav__link">
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Folder Structure
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../vapor/droplet/" title="Droplet" class="md-nav__link">
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Droplet
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../vapor/views/" title="Views" class="md-nav__link">
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Views
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../vapor/controllers/" title="Controllers" class="md-nav__link">
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Controllers
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../vapor/provider/" title="Provider" class="md-nav__link">
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Provider
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../vapor/hash/" title="Hash" class="md-nav__link">
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Hash
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../vapor/log/" title="Log" class="md-nav__link">
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Log
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../vapor/commands/" title="Commands" class="md-nav__link">
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Commands
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</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</nav>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
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<input class="md-toggle md-nav__toggle" data-md-toggle="nav-4" type="checkbox" id="nav-4">
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<label class="md-nav__link" for="nav-4">
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Settings
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</label>
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<nav class="md-nav" data-md-component="collapsible" data-md-level="1">
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<label class="md-nav__title" for="nav-4">
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Settings
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</label>
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<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../settings/config/" title="Config" class="md-nav__link">
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Config
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</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</nav>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
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<input class="md-toggle md-nav__toggle" data-md-toggle="nav-5" type="checkbox" id="nav-5">
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<label class="md-nav__link" for="nav-5">
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JSON
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</label>
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<nav class="md-nav" data-md-component="collapsible" data-md-level="1">
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<label class="md-nav__title" for="nav-5">
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JSON
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</label>
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<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../json/package/" title="Package" class="md-nav__link">
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Package
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../json/overview/" title="Overview" class="md-nav__link">
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Overview
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</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</nav>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
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<input class="md-toggle md-nav__toggle" data-md-toggle="nav-6" type="checkbox" id="nav-6">
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<label class="md-nav__link" for="nav-6">
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Routing
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</label>
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<nav class="md-nav" data-md-component="collapsible" data-md-level="1">
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<label class="md-nav__title" for="nav-6">
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Routing
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</label>
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<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../routing/package/" title="Package" class="md-nav__link">
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Package
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../routing/overview/" title="Overview" class="md-nav__link">
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Overview
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../routing/parameters/" title="Parameters" class="md-nav__link">
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Parameters
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../routing/group/" title="Group" class="md-nav__link">
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Group
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../routing/collection/" title="Collection" class="md-nav__link">
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Collection
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</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</nav>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
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<input class="md-toggle md-nav__toggle" data-md-toggle="nav-7" type="checkbox" id="nav-7">
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<label class="md-nav__link" for="nav-7">
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Fluent
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</label>
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<nav class="md-nav" data-md-component="collapsible" data-md-level="1">
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<label class="md-nav__title" for="nav-7">
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Fluent
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</label>
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<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../fluent/package/" title="Package" class="md-nav__link">
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Package
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../fluent/getting-started/" title="Getting Started" class="md-nav__link">
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Getting Started
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../fluent/model/" title="Model" class="md-nav__link">
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Model
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../fluent/database/" title="Database" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
Database
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../fluent/query/" title="Query" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
Query
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../fluent/relations/" title="Relations" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
Relations
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</nav>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
|
|
|
|
<input class="md-toggle md-nav__toggle" data-md-toggle="nav-8" type="checkbox" id="nav-8">
|
|
|
|
<label class="md-nav__link" for="nav-8">
|
|
Cache
|
|
</label>
|
|
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-component="collapsible" data-md-level="1">
|
|
<label class="md-nav__title" for="nav-8">
|
|
Cache
|
|
</label>
|
|
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../cache/package/" title="Package" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
Package
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../cache/overview/" title="Overview" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
Overview
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</nav>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
|
|
|
|
<input class="md-toggle md-nav__toggle" data-md-toggle="nav-9" type="checkbox" id="nav-9">
|
|
|
|
<label class="md-nav__link" for="nav-9">
|
|
MySQL
|
|
</label>
|
|
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-component="collapsible" data-md-level="1">
|
|
<label class="md-nav__title" for="nav-9">
|
|
MySQL
|
|
</label>
|
|
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../mysql/package/" title="Package" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
Package
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../mysql/provider/" title="Provider" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
Provider
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../mysql/driver/" title="Driver" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
Driver
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</nav>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
|
|
|
|
<input class="md-toggle md-nav__toggle" data-md-toggle="nav-10" type="checkbox" id="nav-10">
|
|
|
|
<label class="md-nav__link" for="nav-10">
|
|
Redis
|
|
</label>
|
|
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-component="collapsible" data-md-level="1">
|
|
<label class="md-nav__title" for="nav-10">
|
|
Redis
|
|
</label>
|
|
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../redis/package/" title="Package" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
Package
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../redis/provider/" title="Provider" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
Provider
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</nav>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
|
|
|
|
<input class="md-toggle md-nav__toggle" data-md-toggle="nav-11" type="checkbox" id="nav-11">
|
|
|
|
<label class="md-nav__link" for="nav-11">
|
|
Auth
|
|
</label>
|
|
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-component="collapsible" data-md-level="1">
|
|
<label class="md-nav__title" for="nav-11">
|
|
Auth
|
|
</label>
|
|
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../auth/package/" title="Package" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
Package
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../auth/provider/" title="Provider" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
Provider
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../auth/getting-started/" title="Getting Started" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
Getting Started
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../auth/helper/" title="Helper" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
Helper
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../auth/password/" title="Password" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
Password
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../auth/persist/" title="Persist" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
Persist
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</nav>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
|
|
|
|
<input class="md-toggle md-nav__toggle" data-md-toggle="nav-12" type="checkbox" id="nav-12">
|
|
|
|
<label class="md-nav__link" for="nav-12">
|
|
Sessions
|
|
</label>
|
|
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-component="collapsible" data-md-level="1">
|
|
<label class="md-nav__title" for="nav-12">
|
|
Sessions
|
|
</label>
|
|
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../sessions/sessions/" title="Sessions" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
Sessions
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</nav>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
|
|
|
|
<input class="md-toggle md-nav__toggle" data-md-toggle="nav-13" type="checkbox" id="nav-13">
|
|
|
|
<label class="md-nav__link" for="nav-13">
|
|
HTTP
|
|
</label>
|
|
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-component="collapsible" data-md-level="1">
|
|
<label class="md-nav__title" for="nav-13">
|
|
HTTP
|
|
</label>
|
|
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../http/request/" title="Request" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
Request
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../http/response/" title="Response" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
Response
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../http/middleware/" title="Middleware" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
Middleware
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../http/body/" title="Body" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
Body
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../http/response-representable/" title="ResponseRepresentable" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
ResponseRepresentable
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../http/responder/" title="Responder" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
Responder
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../http/client/" title="Client" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
Client
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../http/server/" title="Server" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
Server
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../http/cors/" title="CORS" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
CORS
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</nav>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
|
|
|
|
<input class="md-toggle md-nav__toggle" data-md-toggle="nav-14" type="checkbox" id="nav-14">
|
|
|
|
<label class="md-nav__link" for="nav-14">
|
|
Leaf
|
|
</label>
|
|
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-component="collapsible" data-md-level="1">
|
|
<label class="md-nav__title" for="nav-14">
|
|
Leaf
|
|
</label>
|
|
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../leaf/package/" title="Package" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
Package
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../leaf/provider/" title="Provider" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
Provider
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../leaf/leaf/" title="Overview" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
Overview
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</nav>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../validation/overview/" title="Validation" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
Validation
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
|
|
|
|
<input class="md-toggle md-nav__toggle" data-md-toggle="nav-16" type="checkbox" id="nav-16">
|
|
|
|
<label class="md-nav__link" for="nav-16">
|
|
Node
|
|
</label>
|
|
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-component="collapsible" data-md-level="1">
|
|
<label class="md-nav__title" for="nav-16">
|
|
Node
|
|
</label>
|
|
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../node/package/" title="Package" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
Package
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</nav>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
|
|
|
|
<input class="md-toggle md-nav__toggle" data-md-toggle="nav-17" type="checkbox" id="nav-17">
|
|
|
|
<label class="md-nav__link" for="nav-17">
|
|
Core
|
|
</label>
|
|
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-component="collapsible" data-md-level="1">
|
|
<label class="md-nav__title" for="nav-17">
|
|
Core
|
|
</label>
|
|
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../core/package/" title="Package" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
Package
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../core/overview/" title="Overview" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
Overview
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</nav>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--active md-nav__item--nested">
|
|
|
|
<input class="md-toggle md-nav__toggle" data-md-toggle="nav-18" type="checkbox" id="nav-18" checked>
|
|
|
|
<label class="md-nav__link" for="nav-18">
|
|
Bits
|
|
</label>
|
|
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-component="collapsible" data-md-level="1">
|
|
<label class="md-nav__title" for="nav-18">
|
|
Bits
|
|
</label>
|
|
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../package/" title="Package" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
Package
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--active">
|
|
|
|
<input class="md-toggle md-nav__toggle" data-md-toggle="toc" type="checkbox" id="toc">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<label class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--active" for="toc">
|
|
Overview
|
|
</label>
|
|
|
|
<a href="./" title="Overview" class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--active">
|
|
Overview
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<nav class="md-nav md-nav--secondary">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<label class="md-nav__title" for="toc">Table of contents</label>
|
|
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="#typealias" title="Typealias" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
Typealias
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="#bytesconvertible" title="BytesConvertible" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
BytesConvertible
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="#string" title="String" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
String
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="#byte" title="Byte" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
Byte
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
|
|
|
</nav>
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</nav>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
|
|
|
|
<input class="md-toggle md-nav__toggle" data-md-toggle="nav-19" type="checkbox" id="nav-19">
|
|
|
|
<label class="md-nav__link" for="nav-19">
|
|
Debugging
|
|
</label>
|
|
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<a href="https://github.com/vapor/documentation/edit/master/2.0/docs/bits/overview.md" title="Edit this page" class="md-icon md-content__edit">edit</a>
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<h1 id="bits">Bits<a class="headerlink" href="#bits" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h1>
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<p>The bits package is included in Vapor by default and provides a convenient API for working with bytes.</p>
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<div class="admonition note">
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<p class="admonition-title">Note</p>
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<p>Use <code>import Bits</code> to use this package.</p>
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</div>
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<h2 id="typealias">Typealias<a class="headerlink" href="#typealias" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2>
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<p>The bits package provides two type-aliases for bytes.</p>
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<div class="codehilite"><pre><span></span><span class="kd">typealias</span> <span class="n">Byte</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="nb">UInt8</span>
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<span class="kd">typealias</span> <span class="n">Bytes</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="n">Byte</span><span class="p">]</span>
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</pre></div>
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<h2 id="bytesconvertible">BytesConvertible<a class="headerlink" href="#bytesconvertible" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2>
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<p>It's quite often that we want to convert objects to and from byte arrays when we're working. The BytesConvertible helps define objects that have these capabilities. This is implemented already on most objects in Vapor that can/should be converted to and from byte arrays.</p>
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<div class="codehilite"><pre><span></span><span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">hello</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="nb">String</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">bytes</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">72</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">101</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">108</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">108</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">111</span><span class="p">])</span>
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<span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">bytes</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">hello</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">makeBytes</span><span class="p">()</span>
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</pre></div>
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<h2 id="string">String<a class="headerlink" href="#string" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2>
|
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<p>Converting from bytes to string using the UTF-8 encoding is easy.</p>
|
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<div class="codehilite"><pre><span></span><span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">bytes</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="s">"hello"</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">makeBytes</span><span class="p">()</span>
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<span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">string</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">bytes</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">makeString</span><span class="p">()</span>
|
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<span class="bp">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">string</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="c1">// "hello"</span>
|
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</pre></div>
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<h2 id="byte">Byte<a class="headerlink" href="#byte" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2>
|
|
<p>The upper and lowercase latin alphabet and some additional control characters are statically typed on the <code>Byte</code>.</p>
|
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<div class="codehilite"><pre><span></span><span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">bytes</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">Bytes</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="p">[.</span><span class="n">h</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">.</span><span class="n">e</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">.</span><span class="n">l</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">.</span><span class="n">l</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">.</span><span class="n">o</span><span class="p">]</span>
|
|
<span class="bp">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">bytes</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">makeString</span><span class="p">())</span> <span class="c1">// "hello"</span>
|
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</pre></div>
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<p>This makes byte manipulation and comparison easy and is useful for building things like parsers and serializers.</p>
|
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<div class="codehilite"><pre><span></span><span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">byte</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">Byte</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">65</span>
|
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<span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">byte</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="p">.</span><span class="n">A</span> <span class="p">{</span>
|
|
<span class="bp">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"found A!"</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<span class="p">}</span>
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