vapor-docs/build/1.5/http/client.html

566 lines
25 KiB
HTML

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
<title>Vapor Documentation</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Source+Code+Pro">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Quicksand:400,700,300">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/1.5/styles/vapor-code.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/1.5/styles/main.css">
</head>
<body>
<header>
<a class="logo" href="/1.5/">
<img src="/1.5/images/droplet.svg" alt="Vapor">
<h1>Vapor <em>Docs</em></h1>
</a>
<ul>
<li>
<a href="http://vapor.codes">Home</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="http://example.vapor.codes">Example</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="https://github.com/vapor/vapor">GitHub</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="https://twitter.com/@codevapor">Twitter</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="http://vapor.team">Slack</a>
</li>
</ul>
</header>
<nav>
<a href="#" class="toggle show"></a>
<a href="#" class="toggle close">&times;</a>
<div class="scroll">
<section>
<h3>Getting Started</h3>
<ul>
<li class="">
<a href="/1.5/getting-started/install-swift-3-macos.html">
Install Swift 3: macOS
</a>
</li>
<li class="">
<a href="/1.5/getting-started/install-swift-3-ubuntu.html">
Install Swift 3: Ubuntu
</a>
</li>
<li class="">
<a href="/1.5/getting-started/install-toolbox.html">
Install Toolbox
</a>
</li>
<li class="">
<a href="/1.5/getting-started/hello-world.html">
Hello, World
</a>
</li>
<li class="">
<a href="/1.5/getting-started/manual.html">
Manual
</a>
</li>
<li class="">
<a href="/1.5/getting-started/xcode.html">
Xcode
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Guide</h3>
<ul>
<li class="">
<a href="/1.5/guide/droplet.html">
Droplet
</a>
</li>
<li class="">
<a href="/1.5/guide/folder-structure.html">
Folder Structure
</a>
</li>
<li class="">
<a href="/1.5/guide/json.html">
JSON
</a>
</li>
<li class="">
<a href="/1.5/guide/config.html">
Config
</a>
</li>
<li class="">
<a href="/1.5/guide/views.html">
Views
</a>
</li>
<li class="">
<a href="/1.5/guide/leaf.html">
Leaf
</a>
</li>
<li class="">
<a href="/1.5/guide/controllers.html">
Controllers
</a>
</li>
<li class="">
<a href="/1.5/guide/middleware.html">
Middleware
</a>
</li>
<li class="">
<a href="/1.5/guide/validation.html">
Validation
</a>
</li>
<li class="">
<a href="/1.5/guide/provider.html">
Provider
</a>
</li>
<li class="">
<a href="/1.5/guide/sessions.html">
Sessions
</a>
</li>
<li class="">
<a href="/1.5/guide/hash.html">
Hash
</a>
</li>
<li class="">
<a href="/1.5/guide/commands.html">
Commands
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Routing</h3>
<ul>
<li class="">
<a href="/1.5/routing/basic.html">
Basic
</a>
</li>
<li class="">
<a href="/1.5/routing/parameters.html">
Route Parameters
</a>
</li>
<li class="">
<a href="/1.5/routing/query-parameters.html">
Query Parameters
</a>
</li>
<li class="">
<a href="/1.5/routing/group.html">
Group
</a>
</li>
<li class="">
<a href="/1.5/routing/collection.html">
Collection
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Fluent</h3>
<ul>
<li class="">
<a href="/1.5/fluent/driver.html">
Driver
</a>
</li>
<li class="">
<a href="/1.5/fluent/model.html">
Model
</a>
</li>
<li class="">
<a href="/1.5/fluent/query.html">
Query
</a>
</li>
<li class="">
<a href="/1.5/fluent/relation.html">
Relation
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Auth</h3>
<ul>
<li class="">
<a href="/1.5/auth/user.html">
User
</a>
</li>
<li class="">
<a href="/1.5/auth/middleware.html">
Middleware
</a>
</li>
<li class="">
<a href="/1.5/auth/request.html">
Request
</a>
</li>
<li class="">
<a href="/1.5/auth/protect.html">
Protect
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h3>HTTP</h3>
<ul>
<li class="">
<a href="/1.5/http/request.html">
Request
</a>
</li>
<li class="">
<a href="/1.5/http/response.html">
Response
</a>
</li>
<li class="">
<a href="/1.5/http/body.html">
Body
</a>
</li>
<li class="">
<a href="/1.5/http/response-representable.html">
ResponseRepresentable
</a>
</li>
<li class="">
<a href="/1.5/http/responder.html">
Responder
</a>
</li>
<li class="active">
<a href="/1.5/http/client.html">
Client
</a>
</li>
<li class="">
<a href="/1.5/http/server.html">
Server
</a>
</li>
<li class="">
<a href="/1.5/http/cors.html">
CORS
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h3>WebSockets</h3>
<ul>
<li class="">
<a href="/1.5/websockets/droplet.html">
Droplet
</a>
</li>
<li class="">
<a href="/1.5/websockets/custom.html">
Custom
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Testing</h3>
<ul>
<li class="">
<a href="/1.5/testing/modules.html">
Modules
</a>
</li>
<li class="">
<a href="/1.5/testing/basic.html">
Basic
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Deploy</h3>
<ul>
<li class="">
<a href="/1.5/deploy/nginx.html">
Nginx
</a>
</li>
<li class="">
<a href="/1.5/deploy/supervisor.html">
Supervisor
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Version (1.5)</h3>
<ul>
<li class="">
<a href="/1.5/switch/1_5.html">
1.5
</a>
</li>
<li class="">
<a href="/1.5/switch/2_0.html">
2.0
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</section>
</div>
</nav>
<main>
<a href="https://github.com/vapor/documentation/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md" class="edit">✎ Edit on GitHub</a>
<blockquote>
<p>Module: <code>import HTTP</code></p>
</blockquote>
<h1 id="client">Client</h1>
<p>The client provided by <code>HTTP</code> is used to make outgoing requests to remote servers. Let's look at a simple outgoing request.</p>
<h2 id="quickstart">QuickStart</h2>
<p>Let's jump right in to make a simple HTTP Request. Here's a basic <code>GET</code> request using your Vapor <code>Droplet</code>.</p>
<pre><code class="language-swift">let query = ...
let spotifyResponse = try drop.client.get("https://api.spotify.com/v1/search?type=artist&amp;q=\(query)")
print(spotifyR)</code></pre>
<h3 id="clean-up">Clean Up</h3>
<p>The url above can be a little tricky to read, so let's use the query parameter to clean it up a little bit:</p>
<pre><code class="language-swift">try drop.client.get("https://api.spotify.com/v1/search", query: ["type": "artist", "q": query])</code></pre>
<h3 id="continued">Continued</h3>
<p>In addition to <code>GET</code> requests, Vapor's client provides support for most common HTTP functions. <code>GET</code>, <code>POST</code>, <code>PUT</code>, <code>PATCH</code>, <code>DELETE</code></p>
<h3 id="post-as-json">POST as json</h3>
<pre><code class="language-swift">try drop.client.post("http://some-endpoint/json", headers: ["Content-Type": "application/json"], body: myJSON.makeBody())</code></pre>
<h3 id="post-as-x-www-form-urlencoded">POST as x-www-form-urlencoded</h3>
<pre><code class="language-swift">try drop.client.post("http://some-endpoint", headers: [
"Content-Type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"
], body: Body.data( Node(node: [
"email": "mymail@vapor.codes"
]).formURLEncoded())) </code></pre>
<h3 id="full-request">Full Request</h3>
<p>To access additional functionality or custom methods, use the underlying <code>request</code> function directly.</p>
<pre><code class="language-swift">public static func get(_ method: Method,
_ uri: String,
headers: [HeaderKey: String] = [:],
query: [String: CustomStringConvertible] = [:],
body: Body = []) throws -&gt; Response</code></pre>
<p>For example:</p>
<pre><code class="language-swift">try drop.client.request(.other(method: "CUSTOM"), "http://some-domain", headers: ["My": "Header"], query: ["key": "value"], body: [])</code></pre>
<h2 id="config">Config</h2>
<p>The <code>Config/clients.json</code> file can be used to modify the client's settings.</p>
<h3 id="tls">TLS</h3>
<p>Host and certificate verification can be disabled.</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: Use extreme caution when modifying these settings.</p>
</blockquote>
<pre><code class="language-json">{
"tls": {
"verifyHost": false,
"verifyCertificates": false
}
}</code></pre>
<h3 id="mozilla">Mozilla</h3>
<p>The Mozilla certificates are included by default to make fetching content from secure sites easy.</p>
<pre><code class="language-json">{
"tls": {
"certificates": "mozilla"
}
}</code></pre>
<h2 id="advanced">Advanced</h2>
<p>In addition to our Droplet, we can also use and interact with the <code>Client</code> manually. Here's how our default implementation in Vapor looks:</p>
<pre><code class="language-swift">let response = try Client&lt;TCPClientStream&gt;.get("http://some-endpoint/mine")</code></pre>
<p>The first thing we likely noticed is <code>TCPClientStream</code> being used as a Generic value. This will be the underlying connection that the <code>HTTP.Client</code> can use when performing the request. By conforming to the underlying <code>ClientStream</code>, an <code>HTTP.Client</code> can accept custom stream implementations seamlessly.</p>
<h2 id="save-connection">Save Connection</h2>
<p>Up to this point, we've been interacting with the Client via <code>class</code> or <code>static</code> level functions. This allows us to end the connection upon a completed request and is the recommended interaction for most use cases. For some advanced situations, we may want to reuse a connection. For these, we can initialize our client and perform multiple requests like this.</p>
<pre><code class="language-swift">let pokemonClient = try drop?.client.make(scheme: "http", host: "pokeapi.co")
for i in 0...1 {
let response = try pokemonClient?.get(path: "/api/v2/pokemon/", query: ["limit": 20, "offset": i])
print("response: \(response)")
}</code></pre>
<h2 id="clientprotocol">ClientProtocol</h2>
<p>Up to this point, we've focused on the built in <code>HTTP.Client</code>, but users can also include their own customized clients by conforming to <code>HTTP.ClientProtocol</code>. Let's look at the implementation:</p>
<pre><code class="language-swift">public protocol Responder {
func respond(to request: Request) throws -&gt; Response
}
public protocol Program {
var host: String { get }
var port: Int { get }
var securityLayer: SecurityLayer { get }
// default implemented
init(host: String, port: Int, securityLayer: SecurityLayer) throws
}
public protocol ClientProtocol: Program, Responder {
var scheme: String { get }
var stream: Stream { get }
init(scheme: String, host: String, port: Int, securityLayer: SecurityLayer) throws
}</code></pre>
<p>By conforming to these underlying functions, we immediately gain access to the public <code>ClientProtocol</code> apis we viewed above.</p>
<h2 id="customize-droplet">Customize Droplet</h2>
<p>If we've introduced a custom conformance to <code>HTTP.ClientProtocol</code>, we can pass this into our droplet without changing the underlying behavior in our application.</p>
<p>For example:</p>
<pre><code class="language-swift">let drop = Droplet()
drop.client = MyCustomClient.self</code></pre>
<p>Going forward, all of your calls to <code>drop.client</code> will use <code>MyCustomClient.self</code>:</p>
<pre><code class="language-swift">drop.client.get(... // uses `MyCustomClient`</code></pre>
</main>
<script src="//code.jquery.com/jquery-1.11.0.min.js"></script>
<script src="/1.5/scripts/highlight.pack.js"></script>
<script>
hljs.registerLanguage("leaf", function (hljs) {
/* Author: Hale Chan <halechan@qq.com> */
return {
c: [
{
cN: 'function',
b: '#+',
e: '[)] ',
rB: true,
eE: false,
c : [
{
b: '[(]',
e: '[)]',
eE: true,
c: [
{
cN: 'string',
b: '"',
e: '"'
},
{
cN: 'title',
b: '[A-Za-z_][A-Za-z_0-9]*'
}
]
},
{
cN: 'keyword',
b: '#+([A-Za-z$_][0-9A-Za-z$_]*)?',
eP: true
},
]
}
]
};
});
</script>
<script>
$(function() {
// Syntax highlighting
hljs.initHighlightingOnLoad();
if (navigator.userAgent.indexOf('Safari') != -1 && navigator.userAgent.indexOf('Chrome') == -1) {
$('body').addClass('safari');
}
$('h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6').each(function(key, item) {
var $item = $(item);
var id = $item.attr('id');
if (id) {
var link = $('<a>');
link.attr('href', '#' + id);
$item.wrap(link);
}
})
$('a.toggle').on('click', function(e){
e.preventDefault();
console.log('hi');
var body = $('body');
if (body.hasClass('toggled')) {
body.removeClass('toggled');
} else {
body.addClass('toggled');
}
})
var lastScroll = 0;
var isUp = false;
var win = $(window);
win.on('scroll', function(){
var scrollTop = win.scrollTop();
var scrollBottom = win.scrollTop() + win.height();
var docHeight = $(document).height();
if ( scrollTop < 0 || scrollBottom >= docHeight ){
return;
}
if (scrollTop > (lastScroll + 0) && scrollTop >= 0) {
if (!isUp) {
$('a.toggle.show').addClass('hide')
}
isUp = true;
lastScroll = scrollTop;
} else if (scrollTop < (lastScroll - 0)) {
if (isUp) {
$('a.toggle.show').removeClass('hide')
}
isUp = false;
lastScroll = scrollTop;
}
});
// scroll to the active nav item
$("nav .scroll").animate({
scrollTop: $("nav .active").offset().top - 157
}, 0);
// var lastScrollTop = 0;
// $(window).scroll(function(event){
// var st = $(this).scrollTop();
// if (st > lastScrollTop){
// $('a.toggle.show').addClass('hide')
// } else {
// $('a.toggle.show').removeClass('hide')
// }
// lastScrollTop = st;
// });
});
</script>
<script>
(function(i,s,o,g,r,a,m){i['GoogleAnalyticsObject']=r;i[r]=i[r]||function(){
(i[r].q=i[r].q||[]).push(arguments)},i[r].l=1*new Date();a=s.createElement(o),
m=s.getElementsByTagName(o)[0];a.async=1;a.src=g;m.parentNode.insertBefore(a,m)
})(window,document,'script','https://www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js','ga');
ga('create', 'UA-76177358-4', 'auto');
ga('send', 'pageview');
</script>
</body>
</html>