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- [Prologue](./part-3-intro.md) - [Prologue](./part-3-intro.md)
- [Command-line arguments](./cli.md) - [Command-line arguments](./cli.md)
- [rustc_driver and rustc_interface](./rustc-driver.md) - [rustc_driver and rustc_interface](./rustc-driver/intro.md)
- [Example: Type checking](./rustc-driver-interacting-with-the-ast.md) - [Example: Type checking](./rustc-driver/interacting-with-the-ast.md)
- [Example: Getting diagnostics](./rustc-driver-getting-diagnostics.md) - [Example: Getting diagnostics](./rustc-driver/getting-diagnostics.md)
- [Syntax and the AST](./syntax-intro.md) - [Syntax and the AST](./syntax-intro.md)
- [Lexing and Parsing](./the-parser.md) - [Lexing and Parsing](./the-parser.md)
- [Macro expansion](./macro-expansion.md) - [Macro expansion](./macro-expansion.md)

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# `rustc_driver` and `rustc_interface`
The [`rustc_driver`] is essentially `rustc`'s `main()` function. It acts as
the glue for running the various phases of the compiler in the correct order,
using the interface defined in the [`rustc_interface`] crate.
The `rustc_interface` crate provides external users with an (unstable) API
for running code at particular times during the compilation process, allowing
third parties to effectively use `rustc`'s internals as a library for
analyzing a crate or emulating the compiler in-process (e.g. rustdoc).
For those using `rustc` as a library, the [`rustc_interface::run_compiler()`][i_rc]
function is the main entrypoint to the compiler. It takes a configuration for the compiler
and a closure that takes a [`Compiler`]. `run_compiler` creates a `Compiler` from the
configuration and passes it to the closure. Inside the closure, you can use the `Compiler`
to drive queries to compile a crate and get the results. This is what the `rustc_driver` does too.
You can see a minimal example of how to use `rustc_interface` [here][example].
You can see what queries are currently available through the rustdocs for [`Compiler`].
You can see an example of how to use them by looking at the `rustc_driver` implementation,
specifically the [`rustc_driver::run_compiler` function][rd_rc] (not to be confused with
[`rustc_interface::run_compiler`][i_rc]). The `rustc_driver::run_compiler` function
takes a bunch of command-line args and some other configurations and
drives the compilation to completion.
`rustc_driver::run_compiler` also takes a [`Callbacks`][cb],
a trait that allows for custom compiler configuration,
as well as allowing some custom code run after different phases of the compilation.
> **Warning:** By its very nature, the internal compiler APIs are always going
> to be unstable. That said, we do try not to break things unnecessarily.
[cb]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/nightly-rustc/rustc_driver/trait.Callbacks.html
[rd_rc]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/nightly-rustc/rustc_driver_impl/fn.run_compiler.html
[i_rc]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/nightly-rustc/rustc_interface/interface/fn.run_compiler.html
[example]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rustc-dev-guide/blob/master/examples/rustc-driver-example.rs
[`rustc_interface`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/nightly-rustc/rustc_interface/index.html
[`rustc_driver`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/nightly-rustc/rustc_driver/
[`Compiler`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/nightly-rustc/rustc_interface/interface/struct.Compiler.html
[`Session`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/nightly-rustc/rustc_session/struct.Session.html
[`TyCtxt`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/nightly-rustc/rustc_middle/ty/struct.TyCtxt.html
[`SourceMap`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/nightly-rustc/rustc_span/source_map/struct.SourceMap.html
[stupid-stats]: https://github.com/nrc/stupid-stats
[Appendix A]: appendix/stupid-stats.html

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To get diagnostics from the compiler, To get diagnostics from the compiler,
configure [`rustc_interface::Config`] to output diagnostic to a buffer, configure [`rustc_interface::Config`] to output diagnostic to a buffer,
and run [`TyCtxt.analysis`]. The following was tested and run [`TyCtxt.analysis`].
with <!-- date-check: september 2024 --> `nightly-2024-09-16`: The following was tested with <!-- date-check: september 2024 --> `nightly-2024-09-16`:
```rust ```rust
{{#include ../examples/rustc-driver-getting-diagnostics.rs}} {{#include ../examples/rustc-driver-getting-diagnostics.rs}}

50
src/rustc-driver/intro.md Normal file
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# `rustc_driver` and `rustc_interface`
The [`rustc_driver`] is essentially `rustc`'s `main` function.
It acts as the glue for running the various phases of the compiler in the correct order,
using the interface defined in the [`rustc_interface`] crate.
Generally the [`rustc_interface`] crate provides external users with an (unstable) API
for running code at particular times during the compilation process, allowing
third parties to effectively use `rustc`'s internals as a library for
analyzing a crate or for ad hoc emulating of the compiler (i.e. `rustdoc`
compiling code and serving output).
More specifically the [`rustc_interface::run_compiler`][i_rc] function is the
main entrypoint for using [`nightly-rustc`] as a library.
Initially [`run_compiler`][i_rc] takes a configuration variable for the compiler
and a `closure` taking a yet unresolved [`Compiler`].
Operationally [`run_compiler`][i_rc] creates a `Compiler` from the configuration and passes
it to the `closure`. Inside the `closure` you can use the `Compiler` to drive
queries to compile a crate and get the results.
Providing results about the internal state of the compiler what the [`rustc_driver`] does too.
You can see a minimal example of how to use [`rustc_interface`] [here][example].
You can see what queries are currently available in the [`Compiler`] rustdocs.
You can see an example of how to use the queries by looking at the `rustc_driver` implementation,
specifically [`rustc_driver::run_compiler`][rd_rc]
(not to be confused with [`rustc_interface::run_compiler`][i_rc]).
Generally [`rustc_driver::run_compiler`][i_rc] takes a bunch of command-line args
and some other configurations and drives the compilation to completion.
Finally [`rustc_driver::run_compiler`][rd_rc] also takes a [`Callbacks`][cb],
which is a `trait` that allows for custom compiler configuration,
as well as allowing custom code to run after different phases of the compilation.
> **Warning:** By its very nature, the internal compiler APIs are always going
> to be unstable. That said, we do try not to break things unnecessarily.
[`Compiler`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/nightly-rustc/rustc_interface/interface/struct.Compiler.html
[`rustc_driver`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/nightly-rustc/rustc_driver/
[`rustc_interface`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/nightly-rustc/rustc_interface/index.html
[`Session`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/nightly-rustc/rustc_session/struct.Session.html
[`SourceMap`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/nightly-rustc/rustc_span/source_map/struct.SourceMap.html
[`TyCtxt`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/nightly-rustc/rustc_middle/ty/struct.TyCtxt.html
[Appendix A]: appendix/stupid-stats.html
[cb]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/nightly-rustc/rustc_driver/trait.Callbacks.html
[example]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rustc-dev-guide/blob/master/examples/rustc-driver-example.rs
[i_rc]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/nightly-rustc/rustc_interface/interface/fn.run_compiler.html
[rd_rc]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/nightly-rustc/rustc_driver_impl/fn.run_compiler.html
[stupid-stats]: https://github.com/nrc/stupid-stats
[`nightly-rustc`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/nightly-rustc/