Currently mmap returns an unsafe.Pointer that encodes OS errors as
values less than 4096. In practice this is okay, but it borders on
being really unsafe: for example, the value has to be checked
immediately after return and if stack copying were ever to observe
such a value, it would panic. It's also not remotely idiomatic.
Fix this by making mmap return a separate pointer value and error,
like a normal Go function.
Updates #22218.
Change-Id: Iefd965095ffc82cc91118872753a5d39d785c3a6
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/71270
Run-TryBot: Austin Clements <austin@google.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@golang.org>
This change adds support for accelerating time.Now by using
the __vdso_clock_gettime fast-path via the vDSO on linux/386
if it is available.
When the vDSO path to the clocks is available, it is typically
5x-10x faster than the syscall path (see benchmark extract
below). Two such calls are made for each time.Now() call
on most platforms as of go 1.9.
- Add vdso_linux_386.go, containing the ELF32 definitions
for use by vdso_linux.go, the maximum array size, and
the symbols to be located in the vDSO.
- Modify runtime.walltime and runtime.nanotime to check for
and use the vDSO fast-path if available, or fall back to
the existing syscall path.
- Reduce the stack reservations for runtime.walltime and
runtime.monotime from 32 to 16 bytes. It appears the syscall
path actually only needed 8 bytes, but 16 is now needed to
cover the syscall and vDSO paths.
- Remove clearing DX from the syscall paths as clock_gettime
only takes 2 args (BX, CX in syscall calling convention),
so there should be no need to clear DX.
The included BenchmarkTimeNow was run with -cpu=1 -count=20
on an "Intel(R) Celeron(R) CPU J1900 @ 1.99GHz", comparing
released go 1.9.1 vs this change. This shows a gain in
performance on linux/386 (6.89x), and that no regression
occurred on linux/amd64 due to this change.
Kernel: linux/i686, GOOS=linux GOARCH=386
name old time/op new time/op delta
TimeNow 978ns ± 0% 142ns ± 0% -85.48% (p=0.000 n=16+20)
Kernel: linux/x86_64, GOOS=linux GOARCH=amd64
name old time/op new time/op delta
TimeNow 125ns ± 0% 125ns ± 0% ~ (all equal)
Gains are more dramatic in virtualized environments,
presumably due to the overhead of virtualizing the syscall.
Fixes#22190
Change-Id: I2f83ce60cb1b8b310c9ced0706bb463c1b3aedf8
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/69390
Run-TryBot: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@golang.org>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@golang.org>
Currently, threads created by the runtime exist until the whole
program exits. For #14592 and #20395, we want to be able to exit and
clean up threads created by the runtime. This commit implements that
mechanism.
The main difficulty is how to clean up the g0 stack. In cgo mode and
on Solaris and Windows where the OS manages thread stacks, we simply
arrange to return from mstart and let the system clean up the thread.
If the runtime allocated the g0 stack, then we use a new exitThread
syscall wrapper that arranges to clear a flag in the M once the stack
can safely be reaped and call the thread termination syscall.
exitThread is based on the existing exit1 wrapper, which was always
meant to terminate the calling thread. However, exit1 has never been
used since it was introduced 9 years ago, so it was broken on several
platforms. exitThread also has the additional complication of having
to flag that the stack is unused, which requires some tricks on
platforms that use the stack for syscalls.
This still leaves the problem of how to reap the unused g0 stacks. For
this, we move the M from allm to a new freem list as part of the M
exiting. Later, allocm scans the freem list, finds Ms that are marked
as done with their stack, removes these from the list and frees their
g0 stacks. This also allows these Ms to be garbage collected.
This CL does not yet use any of this functionality. Follow-up CLs
will. Likewise, there are no new tests in this CL because we'll need
follow-up functionality to test it.
Change-Id: Ic851ee74227b6d39c6fc1219fc71b45d3004bc63
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/46037
Run-TryBot: Austin Clements <austin@google.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org>
Matches other architectures by using names for syscalls instead of
numbers directly.
Fixes#20499.
Change-Id: I63d606b0b1fe6fb517fd994a7542a3f38d80dd54
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/44213
Run-TryBot: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@golang.org>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@golang.org>
Commit 4dcba023c6 replaced select with pselect6 on linux/amd64 and
linux/arm, but it turns out the Android emulator uses linux/386. This
makes the equivalent change there, too.
Fixes#20409 more.
Change-Id: If542d6ade06309aab8758d5f5f6edec201ca7670
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/44011
Run-TryBot: Austin Clements <austin@google.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Brad Fitzpatrick <bradfitz@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@golang.org>
On 32-bit architectures (or if we fail to map a 64-bit-style arena),
we try to map the heap arena just above the end of the process image.
While we can accept any address, using lower addresses is preferable
because lower addresses cause us to map less of the heap bitmap.
However, if a program is linked against C code that has global
constructors, those constructors may call brk/sbrk to allocate memory
(e.g., many C malloc implementations do this for small allocations).
The brk also starts just above the process image, so this may adjust
the brk past the beginning of where we want to put the heap arena. In
this case, the kernel will pick a different address for the arena and
it will usually be very high (at least, as these things go in a 32-bit
address space).
Fix this by consulting the current value of the brk and using this in
addition to the end of the process image to compute the initial arena
placement.
This is implemented only on Linux currently, since we have no evidence
that it's an issue on any other OSes.
Fixes#19831.
Change-Id: Id64b45d08d8c91e4f50d92d0339146250b04f2f8
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/39810
Run-TryBot: Austin Clements <austin@google.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@golang.org>
This fixes Linux and the *BSD platforms on 386/amd64.
A few OS/arch combinations were already saving registers and/or doing
something that doesn't clearly resemble the SysV C ABI; those have
been left alone.
Fixes#18328.
Change-Id: I6398f6c71020de108fc8b26ca5946f0ba0258667
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/34501
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@golang.org>
sigfwd calls an arbitrary C signal handler function. The System V ABI
for x86_64 (and the most recent revision of the ABI for i386) requires
the stack to be 16-byte aligned.
Fixes: #17641
Change-Id: I77f53d4a8c29c1b0fe8cfbcc8d5381c4e6f75a6b
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/32107
Run-TryBot: Bryan Mills <bcmills@google.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@golang.org>
Consistently access function parameters using the FP pseudo-register
instead of SP (e.g., x+0(FP) instead of x+4(SP) or x+8(SP), depending
on register size). Two reasons: 1) doc/asm says the SP pseudo-register
should use negative offsets in the range [-framesize, 0), and 2)
cmd/vet only validates parameter offsets when indexed from the FP
pseudo-register.
No binary changes to the compiled object files for any of the affected
package/OS/arch combinations.
Change-Id: I0efc6079bc7519fcea588c114ec6a39b245d68b0
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/30085
Reviewed-by: Brad Fitzpatrick <bradfitz@golang.org>
Unify the OS-specific versions of msigsave, msigrestore, sigblock,
updatesigmask, and unblocksig into single versions in signal_unix.go.
To do this, make sigprocmask work the same way on all systems, which
required adding a definition of sigprocmask for linux and openbsd.
Also add a single OS-specific function sigmaskToSigset.
Change-Id: I7cbf75131dddb57eeefe648ef845b0791404f785
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/29689
Run-TryBot: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@golang.org>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: David Crawshaw <crawshaw@golang.org>
Add missing function prototypes.
Fix function prototypes.
Use FP references instead of SP references.
Fix variable names.
Update comments.
Clean up whitespace. (Not for vet.)
All fairly minor fixes to make vet happy.
Updates #11041
Change-Id: Ifab2cdf235ff61cdc226ab1d84b8467b5ac9446c
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/27713
Run-TryBot: Josh Bleecher Snyder <josharian@gmail.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Brad Fitzpatrick <bradfitz@golang.org>
The new function runtime.SetCgoTraceback may be used to register stack
traceback and symbolizer functions, written in C, to do a stack
traceback from cgo code.
There is a sample implementation of runtime.SetCgoSymbolizer at
github.com/ianlancetaylor/cgosymbolizer. Just importing that package is
sufficient to get symbolic C backtraces.
Currently only supported on linux/amd64.
Change-Id: If96ee2eb41c6c7379d407b9561b87557bfe47341
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/17761
Reviewed-by: Austin Clements <austin@google.com>
linux/386 depends on modify_ldt system call, but recent Linux kernels
can disable this system call. Any Go programs built as linux/386
crash with the message 'Trace/breakpoint trap'.
The kernel config CONFIG_MODIFY_LDT_SYSCALL, which control
enable/disable modify_ldt, is disabled on Amazon Linux 2016.03.
This fixes this problem by using set_thread_area instead of modify_ldt
on linux/386.
Fixes#14795.
Change-Id: I0cc5139e40e9e5591945164156a77b6bdff2c7f1
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/21190
Reviewed-by: Austin Clements <austin@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Minux Ma <minux@golang.org>
The tree's pretty inconsistent about single space vs double space
after a period in documentation. Make it consistently a single space,
per earlier decisions. This means contributors won't be confused by
misleading precedence.
This CL doesn't use go/doc to parse. It only addresses // comments.
It was generated with:
$ perl -i -npe 's,^(\s*// .+[a-z]\.) +([A-Z]),$1 $2,' $(git grep -l -E '^\s*//(.+\.) +([A-Z])')
$ go test go/doc -update
Change-Id: Iccdb99c37c797ef1f804a94b22ba5ee4b500c4f7
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/20022
Reviewed-by: Rob Pike <r@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Dave Day <djd@golang.org>
Run-TryBot: Brad Fitzpatrick <bradfitz@golang.org>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Like bionic, musl also doesn't provide vsyscall helper in %gs:0x10,
and as int $0x80 is as fast as calling %gs:0x10, just use int $0x80
always.
Because we're no longer using vsyscall in VDSO, get rid of VDSO code
for linux/386 too.
Fixes#14476.
Change-Id: I00ec8652060700e0a3c9b524bfe3c16a810263f6
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/19833
Run-TryBot: Minux Ma <minux@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@golang.org>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Mostly by avoiding CX entirely, sometimes by reloading it.
I also vetted the assembly in other packages, it's all fine.
Change-Id: I50059669aaaa04efa303cf22ac228f9d14d83db0
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/16386
Reviewed-by: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@golang.org>
golang.org/cl/16796 broke android/386 by assuming behaviour specific to glibc's
dynamic linker. Copy bionic by using int $0x80 to invoke syscalls on
android/386 as the old alternative (CALL *runtime_vdso(SB)) cannot be compiled
without text relocations, which we want to get rid of on android.
Also remove "CALL *runtime_vdso(SB)" variant from the syscall package.
Change-Id: I6c01849f8dcbd073d000ddc8f13948a836b8b261
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/16996
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: David Crawshaw <crawshaw@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Hyang-Ah Hana Kim <hyangah@gmail.com>
golang.org/cl/16346 changed the runtime on linux/386 to invoke the vsyscall
helper via a PIC sequence (CALL 0x10(GS)) when dynamically linking. But it's
actually quite easy to make that code sequence work all the time, so do that,
and remove the ugly machinery that passed the buildmode from the go tool to the
assembly.
This means enlarging m.tls so that we can safely access 0x10(GS) (GS is set to
&m.tls + 4, so 0x10(GS) accesses m_tls[5]).
Change-Id: I1345c34029b149cb5f25320bf19a3cdd73a056fa
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/16796
Reviewed-by: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@golang.org>
darwin/386, freebsd/386, and linux/386 use a setldt system call to
setup each M's thread-local storage area, and they need access to the
M's id for this. The current code copies m.id into m.tls[0] (and this
logic has been cargo culted to OSes like NetBSD and OpenBSD, which
don't even need m.id to configure TLS), and then the 386 assembly
loads m.tls[0]... but since the assembly code already has a pointer to
the M, it might as well just load m.id directly.
Change-Id: I1a7278f1ec8ebda8d1de3aa3a61993070e3a8cdf
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/16881
Run-TryBot: Matthew Dempsky <mdempsky@google.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@golang.org>
To avoid collisions with what existing code may already be doing.
Change-Id: Ice639440aafc0724714c25333d90a49954372230
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/16503
Reviewed-by: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@golang.org>
The dynamic linker on linux/386 stores the address of the vsyscall helper at a
fixed offset from the %gs register on linux/386 for easy access from PIC code.
Change-Id: I635305cfecceef2289985d62e676e16810ed6b94
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/16346
Reviewed-by: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@golang.org>
For debuggers and other program inspectors.
Fixes#9914.
Change-Id: I670728cea28c045e6eaba1808c550ee2f34d16ff
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/11341
Reviewed-by: Austin Clements <austin@google.com>
Forward signals to signal handlers installed before Go installs its own,
under certain circumstances. In particular, as iant@ suggests, signals are
forwarded iff:
(1) a non-SIG_DFL signal handler existed before Go, and
(2) signal is synchronous (i.e., one of SIGSEGV, SIGBUS, SIGFPE), and
(3a) signal occured on a non-Go thread, or
(3b) signal occurred on a Go thread but in CGo code.
Supported only on Linux, for now.
Change-Id: I403219ee47b26cf65da819fb86cf1ec04d3e25f5
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/8712
Reviewed-by: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@golang.org>
We initially added clone0 to handle the case when G or M don't exist, but
it turns out that we could have just modified clone. (It also helps that
the function we're invoking in clone0 no longer needs arguments.)
As a side-effect, newosproc0 is now supported on all linux archs.
Change-Id: Ie603af75d8f164310fc16446052d83743961f3ca
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/9164
Reviewed-by: David Crawshaw <crawshaw@golang.org>
Avoids shadowing the builtin channel close function.
Change-Id: I7a729b0937c8248fe27222be61318a88db995eee
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/8898
Reviewed-by: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@golang.org>
Run-TryBot: David Crawshaw <crawshaw@golang.org>
This is Part 2 of the change, see Part 1 here: in https://go-review.googlesource.com/#/c/7692/
Suggested by iant@, we use the library initialization entry point to:
- create a new OS thread and run the "regular" runtime init stack on
that thread
- return immediately from the main (i.e., loader) thread
- at the first CGO invocation, we wait for the runtime initialization
to complete.
The above mechanism is implemented only on linux_amd64. Next step is to
support it on linux_arm. Other platforms don't yet support shared library
compiling/linking, but we intend to use the same strategy there as well.
Change-Id: Ib2c81b1b83bee837134084b75a3beecfb8de6bf4
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/8094
Run-TryBot: Srdjan Petrovic <spetrovic@google.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@golang.org>
For OSes that use elf on intel, 2*Ptrsize bytes are reserved for TLS.
But only one pointer (g) has been stored in the TLS for a while now.
So we can set it to just Ptrsize, which happily matches what happens
when externally linking.
Fixes#9913
Change-Id: Ic816369d3a55a8cdcc23be349b1a1791d53f5f81
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/6584
Run-TryBot: Minux Ma <minux@golang.org>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@golang.org>
Error detection code copied from syscall, where presumably
we actually do it right.
Note that we throw the errno away. The runtime doesn't use it.
Fixes#10052
Change-Id: I8de77dda6bf287276b137646c26b84fa61554ec8
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/6571
Run-TryBot: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Russ Cox <rsc@golang.org>
Normally, a panic/throw only shows the thread stack for the current thread
and all paused goroutines. Goroutines running on other threads, or other threads
running on their system stacks, are opaque. Change that when GODEBUG=crash,
by passing a SIGQUIT around to all the threads when GODEBUG=crash.
If this works out reasonably well, we might make the SIGQUIT relay part of
the standard panic/throw death, perhaps eliding idle m's.
Change-Id: If7dd354f7f3a6e326d17c254afcf4f7681af2f8b
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/2811
Reviewed-by: Rick Hudson <rlh@golang.org>
The main change is that #include "zasm_GOOS_GOARCH.h"
is now #include "go_asm.h" and/or #include "go_tls.h".
Also, because C StackGuard is now Go _StackGuard,
the assembly name changes from const_StackGuard to
const__StackGuard.
In asm_$GOARCH.s, add new function getg, formerly
implemented in C.
The renamed atomics now have Go wrappers, to get
escape analysis annotations right. Those wrappers
are in CL 174860043.
LGTM=r, aram
R=r, aram
CC=austin, dvyukov, golang-codereviews, iant, khr
https://golang.org/cl/168510043
Ian Lance Taylor
Austin Clements
Frank Somers
Chris Ball
pvoicu
Josh Bleecher Snyder
Russ Cox
Bryan C. Mills
Matthew Dempsky
Shinji Tanaka
Brad Fitzpatrick
Shenghou Ma
Michael Hudson-Doyle
Hyang-Ah Hana Kim
Srdjan Petrovic
David Crawshaw
Keith Randall