Commit Graph

180 Commits

Author SHA1 Message Date
Tobias Klauser ace5fa1a60 runtime: remove support_bmi{1,2}
The code reading these variables was removed in CL 41476. They are only
set but never read now, so remove them.

Change-Id: I6b0b8d813e9a3ec2a13586ff92746e00ad1b5bf0
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/106095
Run-TryBot: Tobias Klauser <tobias.klauser@gmail.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@golang.org>
2018-04-10 14:30:10 +00:00
Meng Zhuo 73e0c302b2 runtime: implement aeshash for arm64 platform
Fix #10109

name                  old time/op    new time/op    delta
Hash5                   72.3ns ± 0%    51.5ns ± 0%   -28.71%  (p=0.000 n=4+5)
Hash16                  78.8ns ± 0%    48.7ns ± 0%      ~     (p=0.079 n=4+5)
Hash64                   196ns ±25%      73ns ±16%   -62.68%  (p=0.008 n=5+5)
Hash1024                1.57µs ± 0%    0.27µs ± 1%   -82.90%  (p=0.000 n=5+4)
Hash65536               96.5µs ± 0%    14.3µs ± 0%   -85.14%  (p=0.016 n=5+4)
HashStringSpeed          156ns ± 6%     129ns ± 3%   -17.56%  (p=0.008 n=5+5)
HashBytesSpeed           227ns ± 1%     200ns ± 1%   -11.98%  (p=0.008 n=5+5)
HashInt32Speed           116ns ± 2%     102ns ± 0%   -11.92%  (p=0.016 n=5+4)
HashInt64Speed           120ns ± 3%     101ns ± 2%   -15.55%  (p=0.008 n=5+5)
HashStringArraySpeed     342ns ± 0%     306ns ± 2%   -10.58%  (p=0.008 n=5+5)
FastrandHashiter         217ns ± 1%     217ns ± 1%      ~     (p=1.000 n=5+5)

name                  old speed      new speed      delta
Hash5                 69.1MB/s ± 0%  97.0MB/s ± 0%   +40.32%  (p=0.008 n=5+5)
Hash16                 203MB/s ± 0%   329MB/s ± 0%   +61.76%  (p=0.016 n=4+5)
Hash64                 332MB/s ±21%   881MB/s ±14%  +165.66%  (p=0.008 n=5+5)
Hash1024               651MB/s ± 0%  3652MB/s ±17%  +460.73%  (p=0.008 n=5+5)
Hash65536              679MB/s ± 0%  4570MB/s ± 0%  +572.85%  (p=0.016 n=5+4)

Change-Id: I573028979f84cf2e0e087951271d5de8865dbf04
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/89755
Run-TryBot: Brad Fitzpatrick <bradfitz@golang.org>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org>
2018-04-04 16:25:39 +00:00
Keith Randall 9d4215311b runtime: identify special functions by flag instead of address
When there are plugins, there may not be a unique copy of runtime
functions like goexit, mcall, etc.  So identifying them by entry
address is problematic.  Instead, keep track of each special function
using a field in the symbol table.  That way, multiple copies of
the same runtime function will be treated identically.

Fixes #24351
Fixes #23133

Change-Id: Iea3232df8a6af68509769d9ca618f530cc0f84fd
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/100739
Run-TryBot: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@golang.org>
2018-03-15 17:31:57 +00:00
Josh Bleecher Snyder 6cb064c9c4 Revert "runtime: convert g.waitreason from string to uint8"
This reverts commit 4eea887fd4.

Reason for revert: broke s390x build

Change-Id: Id6c2b6a7319273c4d21f613d4cdd38b00d49f847
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/100375
Reviewed-by: Josh Bleecher Snyder <josharian@gmail.com>
2018-03-13 15:21:21 +00:00
Josh Bleecher Snyder 4eea887fd4 runtime: convert g.waitreason from string to uint8
Every time I poke at #14921, the g.waitreason string
pointer writes show up.

They're not particularly important performance-wise,
but it'd be nice to clear the noise away.

And it does open up a few extra bytes in the g struct
for some future use.

Change-Id: I7ffbd52fbc2a286931a2218038fda52ed6473cc9
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/99078
Run-TryBot: Josh Bleecher Snyder <josharian@gmail.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Austin Clements <austin@google.com>
2018-03-12 21:56:50 +00:00
Austin Clements 5d22cebb12 runtime: explain and enforce that _panic values live on the stack
It's a bit mysterious that _defer.sp is a uintptr that gets
stack-adjusted explicitly while _panic.argp is an unsafe.Pointer that
doesn't, but turns out to be critically important when a deferred
function grows the stack before doing a recover.

Add a comment explaining that this works because _panic values live on
the stack. Enforce this by marking _panic go:notinheap.

Change-Id: I9ca49e84ee1f86d881552c55dccd0662b530836b
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/99735
Run-TryBot: Austin Clements <austin@google.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Matthew Dempsky <mdempsky@google.com>
2018-03-08 23:35:46 +00:00
Ian Lance Taylor 419c06455a runtime: get traceback from VDSO code
Currently if a profiling signal arrives while executing within a VDSO
the profiler will report _ExternalCode, which is needlessly confusing
for a pure Go program. Change the VDSO calling code to record the
caller's PC/SP, so that we can do a traceback from that point. If that
fails for some reason, report _VDSO rather than _ExternalCode, which
should at least point in the right direction.

This adds some instructions to the code that calls the VDSO, but the
slowdown is reasonably negligible:

name                                  old time/op  new time/op  delta
ClockVDSOAndFallbackPaths/vDSO-8      40.5ns ± 2%  41.3ns ± 1%  +1.85%  (p=0.002 n=10+10)
ClockVDSOAndFallbackPaths/Fallback-8  41.9ns ± 1%  43.5ns ± 1%  +3.84%  (p=0.000 n=9+9)
TimeNow-8                             41.5ns ± 3%  41.5ns ± 2%    ~     (p=0.723 n=10+10)

Fixes #24142

Change-Id: Iacd935db3c4c782150b3809aaa675a71799b1c9c
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/97315
Run-TryBot: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@golang.org>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Austin Clements <austin@google.com>
2018-03-07 23:35:25 +00:00
Keith Randall 45964e4f9c internal/bytealg: move Count to bytealg
Move bytes.Count and strings.Count to bytealg.

Update #19792

Change-Id: I3e4e14b504a0b71758885bb131e5656e342cf8cb
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/98495
Run-TryBot: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Brad Fitzpatrick <bradfitz@golang.org>
2018-03-04 17:49:25 +00:00
Austin Clements 292558be02 runtime: restore the Go-allocated signal stack in unminit
Currently, when we minit on a thread that already has an alternate
signal stack (e.g., because the M was an extram being used for a cgo
callback, or to handle a signal on a C thread, or because the
platform's libc always allocates a signal stack like on Android), we
simply drop the Go-allocated gsignal stack on the floor.

This is a problem for Ms on the extram list because those Ms may later
be reused for a different thread that may not have its own alternate
signal stack. On tip, this manifests as a crash in sigaltstack because
we clear the gsignal stack bounds in unminit and later try to use
those cleared bounds when we re-minit that M. On 1.9 and earlier, we
didn't clear the bounds, so this manifests as running more than one
signal handler on the same signal stack, which could lead to arbitrary
memory corruption.

This CL fixes this problem by saving the Go-allocated gsignal stack in
a new field in the m struct when overwriting it with a system-provided
signal stack, and then restoring the original gsignal stack in
unminit.

This CL is designed to be easy to back-port to 1.9. It won't quite
cherry-pick cleanly, but it should be sufficient to simply ignore the
change in mexit (which didn't exist in 1.9).

Now that we always have a place to stash the original signal stack in
the m struct, there are some simplifications we can make to the signal
stack handling. We'll do those in a later CL.

Fixes #22930.

Change-Id: I55c5a6dd9d97532f131146afdef0b216e1433054
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/81476
Run-TryBot: Austin Clements <austin@google.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@golang.org>
2017-12-01 20:20:45 +00:00
Ian Lance Taylor eb97160f46 runtime: don't block signals that will kill the program
Otherwise we may delay the delivery of these signals for an arbitrary
length of time. We are already careful to not block signals that the
program has asked to see.

Also make sure that we don't miss a signal delivery if a thread
decides to stop for a while while executing the signal handler.

Also clean up the TestAtomicStop output a little bit.

Fixes #21433

Change-Id: Ic0c1a4eaf7eba80d1abc1e9537570bf4687c2434
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/79581
Run-TryBot: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@golang.org>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Austin Clements <austin@google.com>
2017-11-30 23:29:30 +00:00
Austin Clements e9079a69f3 runtime: buffered write barrier implementation
This implements runtime support for buffered write barriers on amd64.
The buffered write barrier has a fast path that simply enqueues
pointers in a per-P buffer. Unlike the current write barrier, this
fast path is *not* a normal Go call and does not require the compiler
to spill general-purpose registers or put arguments on the stack. When
the buffer fills up, the write barrier takes the slow path, which
spills all general purpose registers and flushes the buffer. We don't
allow safe-points or stack splits while this frame is active, so it
doesn't matter that we have no type information for the spilled
registers in this frame.

One minor complication is cgocheck=2 mode, which uses the write
barrier to detect Go pointers being written to non-Go memory. We
obviously can't buffer this, so instead we set the buffer to its
minimum size, forcing the write barrier into the slow path on every
call. For this specific case, we pass additional information as
arguments to the flush function. This also requires enabling the cgo
write barrier slightly later during runtime initialization, after Ps
(and the per-P write barrier buffers) have been initialized.

The code in this CL is not yet active. The next CL will modify the
compiler to generate calls to the new write barrier.

This reduces the average cost of the write barrier by roughly a factor
of 4, which will pay for the cost of having it enabled more of the
time after we make the GC pacer less aggressive. (Benchmarks will be
in the next CL.)

Updates #14951.
Updates #22460.

Change-Id: I396b5b0e2c5e5c4acfd761a3235fd15abadc6cb1
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/73711
Run-TryBot: Austin Clements <austin@google.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Rick Hudson <rlh@golang.org>
2017-10-30 18:12:44 +00:00
Austin Clements 3beaf26e4f runtime: remove write barriers from newstack, gogo
Currently, newstack and gogo have write barriers for maintaining the
context register saved in g.sched.ctxt. This is troublesome, because
newstack can be called from go:nowritebarrierrec places that can't
allow write barriers. It happens to be benign because g.sched.ctxt
will always be nil on entry to newstack *and* it so happens the
incoming ctxt will also always be nil in these contexts (I
think/hope), but this is playing with fire. It's also desirable to
mark newstack go:nowritebarrierrec to prevent any other, non-benign
write barriers from creeping in, but we can't do that right now
because of this one write barrier.

Fix all of this by observing that g.sched.ctxt is really just a saved
live pointer register. Hence, we can shade it when we scan g's stack
and otherwise move it back and forth between the actual context
register and g.sched.ctxt without write barriers. This means we can
save it in morestack along with all of the other g.sched, eliminate
the save from newstack along with its troublesome write barrier, and
eliminate the shenanigans in gogo to invoke the write barrier when
restoring it.

Once we've done all of this, we can mark newstack
go:nowritebarrierrec.

Fixes #22385.
For #22460.

Change-Id: I43c24958e3f6785b53c1350e1e83c2844e0d1522
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/72553
Run-TryBot: Austin Clements <austin@google.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Rick Hudson <rlh@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Cherry Zhang <cherryyz@google.com>
2017-10-29 17:56:08 +00:00
Austin Clements e09dbaa1de runtime: schedule fractional workers on all Ps
Currently only a single P can run a fractional mark worker at a time.
This doesn't let us spread out the load, so it gets concentrated on
whatever unlucky P picks up the token to run a fractional worker. This
can significantly delay goroutines on that P.

This commit changes this scheduling rule so each P separately
schedules fractional workers. This can significantly reduce the load
on any individual P and allows workers to self-preempt earlier. It
does have the downside that it's possible for all Ps to be in
fractional workers simultaneously (an effect STW).

Updates #21698.

Change-Id: Ia1e300c422043fa62bb4e3dd23c6232d81e4419c
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/68574
Run-TryBot: Austin Clements <austin@google.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Rick Hudson <rlh@golang.org>
2017-10-13 20:53:22 +00:00
Austin Clements 28e1a8e47a runtime: preempt fractional worker after reaching utilization goal
Currently fractional workers run until preempted by the scheduler,
which means they typically run for 20ms. During this time, all other
goroutines on that P are blocked, which can introduce significant
latency variance.

This modifies fractional workers to self-preempt shortly after
achieving the fractional utilization goal. In practice this means they
preempt much sooner, and the scale of their preemption is on the order
of how often the user goroutine block (so, if the application is
compute-bound, the fractional workers will also run for long times,
but if the application blocks frequently, the fractional workers will
also preempt quickly).

Fixes #21698.
Updates #18534.

Change-Id: I03a5ab195dae93154a46c32083c4bb52415d2017
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/68573
Run-TryBot: Austin Clements <austin@google.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Rick Hudson <rlh@golang.org>
2017-10-13 20:53:13 +00:00
Austin Clements eff2b2620d runtime: make it possible to exit Go-created threads
Currently, threads created by the runtime exist until the whole
program exits. For #14592 and #20395, we want to be able to exit and
clean up threads created by the runtime. This commit implements that
mechanism.

The main difficulty is how to clean up the g0 stack. In cgo mode and
on Solaris and Windows where the OS manages thread stacks, we simply
arrange to return from mstart and let the system clean up the thread.
If the runtime allocated the g0 stack, then we use a new exitThread
syscall wrapper that arranges to clear a flag in the M once the stack
can safely be reaped and call the thread termination syscall.

exitThread is based on the existing exit1 wrapper, which was always
meant to terminate the calling thread. However, exit1 has never been
used since it was introduced 9 years ago, so it was broken on several
platforms. exitThread also has the additional complication of having
to flag that the stack is unused, which requires some tricks on
platforms that use the stack for syscalls.

This still leaves the problem of how to reap the unused g0 stacks. For
this, we move the M from allm to a new freem list as part of the M
exiting. Later, allocm scans the freem list, finds Ms that are marked
as done with their stack, removes these from the list and frees their
g0 stacks. This also allows these Ms to be garbage collected.

This CL does not yet use any of this functionality. Follow-up CLs
will. Likewise, there are no new tests in this CL because we'll need
follow-up functionality to test it.

Change-Id: Ic851ee74227b6d39c6fc1219fc71b45d3004bc63
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/46037
Run-TryBot: Austin Clements <austin@google.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org>
2017-10-11 17:47:18 +00:00
Austin Clements 6c7bea6309 runtime: replace sched.mcount int32 with sched.mnext int64
Currently, since Ms never exit, the number of Ms, the number of Ms
ever created, and the ID of the next M are all the same and must be
small. That's about to change, so rename sched.mcount to sched.mnext
to make it clear it's the number of Ms ever created (and the ID of the
next M), change its type to int64, and use mcount() for the number of
Ms. In the next commit, mcount() will become slightly less trivial.

For #20395.

Change-Id: I9af34d36bd72416b5656555d16e8085076f1b196
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/68750
Run-TryBot: Austin Clements <austin@google.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org>
2017-10-11 17:47:16 +00:00
Austin Clements 12ec54724b runtime: make m.nextwaitm an muintptr
This field is really a *m (modulo its bottom bit). Change it from
uintptr to muintptr to document this fact.

Change-Id: I2d181a955ef1d2c1a268edf20091b440d85726c9
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/46034
Run-TryBot: Austin Clements <austin@google.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Rick Hudson <rlh@golang.org>
2017-10-11 17:47:10 +00:00
Austin Clements 2595fe7fb6 runtime: don't start new threads from locked threads
Applications that need to manipulate kernel thread state are currently
on thin ice in Go: they can use LockOSThread to prevent other
goroutines from running on the manipulated thread, but Go may clone
this manipulated state into a new thread that's put into the runtime's
thread pool along with other threads.

Fix this by never starting a new thread from a locked thread or a
thread that may have been started by C. Instead, the runtime starts a
"template thread" with a known-good state. If it then needs to start a
new thread but doesn't know that the current thread is in a good
state, it forwards the thread creation to the template thread.

Fixes #20676.

Change-Id: I798137a56e04b7723d55997e9c5c085d1d910643
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/46033
Run-TryBot: Austin Clements <austin@google.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org>
2017-10-11 17:47:08 +00:00
Austin Clements c85b12b579 runtime: make LockOSThread/UnlockOSThread nested
Currently, there is a single bit for LockOSThread, so two calls to
LockOSThread followed by one call to UnlockOSThread will unlock the
thread. There's evidence (#20458) that this is almost never what
people want or expect and it makes these APIs very hard to use
correctly or reliably.

Change this so LockOSThread/UnlockOSThread can be nested and the
calling goroutine will not be unwired until UnlockOSThread has been
called as many times as LockOSThread has. This should fix the vast
majority of incorrect uses while having no effect on the vast majority
of correct uses.

Fixes #20458.

Change-Id: I1464e5e9a0ea4208fbb83638ee9847f929a2bacb
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/45752
Run-TryBot: Austin Clements <austin@google.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org>
2017-10-05 19:50:23 +00:00
Austin Clements ee55000f6c runtime: eliminate GOMAXPROCS limit
Now that allp is dynamically allocated, there's no need for a hard cap
on GOMAXPROCS.

Fixes #15131.

Change-Id: I53eee8e228a711a818f7ebce8d9fd915b3865eed
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/45574
Run-TryBot: Austin Clements <austin@google.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Rick Hudson <rlh@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Brad Fitzpatrick <bradfitz@golang.org>
2017-09-27 16:29:12 +00:00
Austin Clements 84d2c7ea83 runtime: dynamically allocate allp
This makes it possible to eliminate the hard cap on GOMAXPROCS.

Updates #15131.

Change-Id: I4c422b340791621584c118a6be1b38e8a44f8b70
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/45573
Run-TryBot: Austin Clements <austin@google.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Rick Hudson <rlh@golang.org>
2017-09-27 16:29:09 +00:00
Ian Lance Taylor 332719f7ce runtime: don't call lockOSThread for every cgo call
For a trivial benchmark with a do-nothing cgo call:

name    old time/op  new time/op  delta
Call-4  64.5ns ± 7%  63.0ns ± 6%  -2.25%  (p=0.027 n=20+16)

Because Windows uses the cgocall mechanism to make system calls,
and passes arguments in a struct held in the m,
we need to do the lockOSThread/unlockOSThread in that code.

Because deferreturn was getting a nosplit stack overflow error,
change it to avoid calling typedmemmove.

Updates #21827.

Change-Id: I9b1d61434c44faeb29805b46b409c812c9acadc2
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/64070
Run-TryBot: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@golang.org>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Austin Clements <austin@google.com>
Reviewed-by: David Crawshaw <crawshaw@golang.org>
2017-09-22 18:17:13 +00:00
Giovanni Bajo e7e4a4ffa3 runtime: improve fastrand with a better generator
The current generator is a simple LSFR, which showed strong
correlation in higher bits, as manifested by fastrandn().

Change it with xorshift64+, which is slightly more complex,
has a larger state, but has a period of 2^64-1 and is much better
at statistical tests. The version used here is capable of
passing Diehard and even SmallCrush.

Speed is slightly worse but is probably insignificant:

name                old time/op  new time/op  delta
Fastrand-4          0.77ns ±12%  0.91ns ±21%  +17.31%  (p=0.048 n=5+5)
FastrandHashiter-4  13.6ns ±21%  15.2ns ±17%     ~     (p=0.160 n=6+5)
Fastrandn/2-4       2.30ns ± 5%  2.45ns ±15%     ~     (p=0.222 n=5+5)
Fastrandn/3-4       2.36ns ± 7%  2.45ns ± 6%     ~     (p=0.222 n=5+5)
Fastrandn/4-4       2.33ns ± 8%  2.61ns ±30%     ~     (p=0.126 n=6+5)
Fastrandn/5-4       2.33ns ± 5%  2.48ns ± 9%     ~     (p=0.052 n=6+5)

Fixes #21806

Change-Id: I013bb37b463fdfc229a7f324df8fe2da8d286f33
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/62530
Run-TryBot: Michael Munday <mike.munday@ibm.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org>
2017-09-16 10:17:26 +00:00
Ian Lance Taylor 165c15afa3 runtime: change lockedg/lockedm to guintptr/muintptr
This change has no real effect in itself. This is to prepare for a
followup change that will call lockOSThread during a cgo callback when
there is no p assigned, and therefore when lockOSThread can not use a
write barrier.

Change-Id: Ia122d41acf54191864bcb68f393f2ed3b2f87abc
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/63630
Run-TryBot: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@golang.org>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: David Crawshaw <crawshaw@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Austin Clements <austin@google.com>
2017-09-15 17:29:51 +00:00
Elias Naur c3189cee71 runtime: forward crashing signals to late handlers
CL 49590 made it possible for external signal handlers to catch
signals from a crashing Go process. This CL extends that support
to handlers registered after the Go runtime has initialized.

Updates #20392 (and possibly fix it).

Change-Id: I18eccd5e958a505f4d1782a7fc51c16bd3a4ff9c
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/57291
Run-TryBot: Elias Naur <elias.naur@gmail.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@golang.org>
2017-08-29 07:40:19 +00:00
Ian Lance Taylor 6126384f6d runtime: unify sigTabT type across Unix systems
Change-Id: I8e8a3a118b1216f191c9076b70a88f6f3f19f79f
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/59150
Run-TryBot: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@golang.org>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Brad Fitzpatrick <bradfitz@golang.org>
2017-08-25 21:42:33 +00:00
Daniel Morsing 32b94f13cf runtime: move selectdone into g
Writing to selectdone on the stack of another goroutine meant a
pretty subtle dance between the select code and the stack copying
code. Instead move the selectdone variable into the g struct.

Change-Id: Id246aaf18077c625adef7ca2d62794afef1bdd1b
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/53390
Reviewed-by: Austin Clements <austin@google.com>
Run-TryBot: Austin Clements <austin@google.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
2017-08-15 19:18:00 +00:00
Keith Randall 04d6f982ae runtime: remove link field from itab
We don't use it any more, remove it.

Change-Id: I76ce1a4c2e7048fdd13a37d3718b5abf39ed9d26
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/44474
Reviewed-by: Josh Bleecher Snyder <josharian@gmail.com>
2017-08-15 01:52:35 +00:00
Keith Randall 98d0634b7a runtime: remove bad field from itab
Just use fun[0]==0 to indicate a bad itab.

Change-Id: I28ecb2d2d857090c1ecc40b1d1866ac24a844848
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/44473
Reviewed-by: Josh Bleecher Snyder <josharian@gmail.com>
2017-08-15 01:52:29 +00:00
Keith Randall 3d1699ea78 runtime: new itab lookup table
Keep itabs in a growable hash table.
Use a simple open-addressable hash table, quadratic probing, power
of two sized.
Synchronization gets a bit more tricky. The common read path now
has two atomic reads, one to get the table pointer and one to read
the entry out of the table.

I set the max load factor to 75%, kind of arbitrarily. There's a
space-speed tradeoff here, and I'm not sure where we should land.

Because we use open addressing the itab.link field is no longer needed.
I'll remove it in a separate CL.

Fixes #20505

Change-Id: Ifb3d9a337512d6cf968c1fceb1eeaf89559afebf
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/44472
Run-TryBot: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Josh Bleecher Snyder <josharian@gmail.com>
2017-08-15 01:52:23 +00:00
Ian Lance Taylor 67b39859ec runtime: remove unused global variable emptystring
Last runtime use was removed in https://golang.org/cl/133700043,
September 2014.

Replace plan9 syscall uses with plan9-specific variable.

Change-Id: Ifb910c021c1419a7c782959f90b054ed600d9e19
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/55450
Reviewed-by: Martin Möhrmann <moehrmann@google.com>
Run-TryBot: Martin Möhrmann <moehrmann@google.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
2017-08-15 00:31:16 +00:00
Austin Clements f4f018518d runtime: move pdesc into p
There are currently two arrays indexed by P ID: allp and pdesc.
Consolidate these by moving the pdesc fields into type p so they can
be indexed off allp along with all other per-P state.

For #15131.

Change-Id: Ib6c4e6e7612281a1171ba4a0d62e52fd59e960b4
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/45572
Run-TryBot: Austin Clements <austin@google.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Brad Fitzpatrick <bradfitz@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Rick Hudson <rlh@golang.org>
2017-06-14 00:43:30 +00:00
Austin Clements fcb45b9c61 runtime: increase MaxGomaxprocs to 1024
Currently MaxGomaxprocs is 256. The previous CL saved enough per-P
static space that we can quadruple MaxGomaxprocs (and hence the static
size of allp) and still come out ahead.

This is safe for Go 1.9. In Go 1.10 we'll eliminate the hard-coded
limit entirely.

Updates #15131.

Change-Id: I919ea821c1ce64c27812541dccd7cd7db4122d16
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/45673
Run-TryBot: Austin Clements <austin@google.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org>
2017-06-13 23:43:20 +00:00
Ian Lance Taylor 2d86f49428 runtime: delay exiting while panic is running deferred functions
Try to avoid a race between the main goroutine exiting and a panic
occurring. Don't try too hard, to avoid hanging.

Updates #3934
Fixes #20018

Change-Id: I57a02b6d795d2a61f1cadd137ce097145280ece7
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/41052
Reviewed-by: Austin Clements <austin@google.com>
2017-06-05 22:42:48 +00:00
Martin Möhrmann aeee34cb24 runtime: remove unused cpuid_X variables
They are not exported and not used in the compiler or standard library.

Change-Id: Ie1d210464f826742d282f12258ed1792cbd2d188
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/43135
Run-TryBot: Martin Möhrmann <moehrmann@google.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org>
2017-05-10 19:28:42 +00:00
Martin Möhrmann 5a6c580990 runtime: refactor cpu feature detection for 386 & amd64
Changes all cpu features to be detected and stored in bools in rt0_go.

Updates: #15403

Change-Id: I5a9961cdec789b331d09c44d86beb53833d5dc3e
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/41950
Run-TryBot: Martin Möhrmann <moehrmann@google.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Ilya Tocar <ilya.tocar@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org>
2017-05-01 20:46:03 +00:00
Martin Möhrmann b64e817853 runtime: simplify detection of preference to use AVX memmove
Reduces cmd/go by 4464 bytes on amd64.

Removes the duplicate detection of AVX support and
presence of Intel processors.

Change-Id: I4670189951a63760fae217708f68d65e94a30dc5
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/41570
Reviewed-by: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org>
Run-TryBot: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
2017-04-25 04:50:04 +00:00
Austin Clements 22000f5407 runtime: record swept and reclaimed bytes in sweep trace
This extends the GCSweepDone event with counts of swept and reclaimed
bytes. These are useful for understanding the duration and
effectiveness of sweep events.

Change-Id: I3c97a4f0f3aad3adbd188adb264859775f54e2df
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/40811
Run-TryBot: Austin Clements <austin@google.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Hyang-Ah Hana Kim <hyangah@gmail.com>
2017-04-19 18:31:14 +00:00
Austin Clements 79c56addb6 runtime: make sweep trace events encompass entire sweep loop
Currently, each individual span sweep emits a span to the trace. But
sweeps are generally done in loops until some condition is satisfied,
so this tracing is lower-level than anyone really wants any hides the
fact that no other work is being accomplished between adjacent sweep
events. This is also high overhead: enabling tracing significantly
impacts sweep latency.

Replace this with instead tracing around the sweep loops used for
allocation. This is slightly tricky because sweep loops don't
generally know if any sweeping will happen in them. Hence, we make the
tracing lazy by recording in the P that we would like to start tracing
the sweep *if* one happens, and then only closing the sweep event if
we started it.

This does mean we don't get tracing on every sweep path, which are
legion. However, we get much more informative tracing on the paths
that block allocation, which are the paths that matter.

Change-Id: I73e14fbb250acb0c9d92e3648bddaa5e7d7e271c
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/40810
Run-TryBot: Austin Clements <austin@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Hyang-Ah Hana Kim <hyangah@gmail.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
2017-04-19 18:31:11 +00:00
Josselin Costanzi 01cd22c687 bytes: add optimized countByte for amd64
Use SSE/AVX2 when counting a single byte.
Inspired from runtime indexbyte implementation.

Benchmark against previous implementation, where
1 byte in every 8 is the one we are looking for:

* On a machine without AVX2
name               old time/op   new time/op     delta
CountSingle/10-4    61.8ns ±10%     15.6ns ±11%    -74.83%  (p=0.000 n=10+10)
CountSingle/32-4     100ns ± 4%       17ns ±10%    -82.54%  (p=0.000 n=10+9)
CountSingle/4K-4    9.66µs ± 3%     0.37µs ± 6%    -96.21%  (p=0.000 n=10+10)
CountSingle/4M-4    11.0ms ± 6%      0.4ms ± 4%    -96.04%  (p=0.000 n=10+10)
CountSingle/64M-4    194ms ± 8%        8ms ± 2%    -95.64%  (p=0.000 n=10+10)

name               old speed     new speed       delta
CountSingle/10-4   162MB/s ±10%    645MB/s ±10%   +297.00%  (p=0.000 n=10+10)
CountSingle/32-4   321MB/s ± 5%   1844MB/s ± 9%   +474.79%  (p=0.000 n=10+9)
CountSingle/4K-4   424MB/s ± 3%  11169MB/s ± 6%  +2533.10%  (p=0.000 n=10+10)
CountSingle/4M-4   381MB/s ± 7%   9609MB/s ± 4%  +2421.88%  (p=0.000 n=10+10)
CountSingle/64M-4  346MB/s ± 7%   7924MB/s ± 2%  +2188.78%  (p=0.000 n=10+10)

* On a machine with AVX2
name               old time/op   new time/op     delta
CountSingle/10-8    37.1ns ± 3%      8.2ns ± 1%    -77.80%  (p=0.000 n=10+10)
CountSingle/32-8    66.1ns ± 3%      9.8ns ± 2%    -85.23%  (p=0.000 n=10+10)
CountSingle/4K-8    7.36µs ± 3%     0.11µs ± 1%    -98.54%  (p=0.000 n=10+10)
CountSingle/4M-8    7.46ms ± 2%     0.15ms ± 2%    -97.95%  (p=0.000 n=10+9)
CountSingle/64M-8    124ms ± 2%        6ms ± 4%    -95.09%  (p=0.000 n=10+10)

name               old speed     new speed       delta
CountSingle/10-8   269MB/s ± 3%   1213MB/s ± 1%   +350.32%  (p=0.000 n=10+10)
CountSingle/32-8   484MB/s ± 4%   3277MB/s ± 2%   +576.66%  (p=0.000 n=10+10)
CountSingle/4K-8   556MB/s ± 3%  37933MB/s ± 1%  +6718.36%  (p=0.000 n=10+10)
CountSingle/4M-8   562MB/s ± 2%  27444MB/s ± 3%  +4783.43%  (p=0.000 n=10+9)
CountSingle/64M-8  543MB/s ± 2%  11054MB/s ± 3%  +1935.81%  (p=0.000 n=10+10)

Fixes #19411

Change-Id: Ieaf20b1fabccabe767c55c66e242e86f3617f883
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/38258
Run-TryBot: Brad Fitzpatrick <bradfitz@golang.org>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org>
2017-03-21 20:25:17 +00:00
Austin Clements 0efc8b2188 runtime: avoid repeated findmoduledatap calls
Currently almost every function that deals with a *_func has to first
look up the *moduledata for the module containing the function's entry
point. This means we almost always do at least two identical module
lookups whenever we deal with a *_func (one to get the *_func and
another to get something from its module data) and sometimes several
more.

Fix this by making findfunc return a new funcInfo type that embeds
*_func, but also includes the *moduledata, and making all of the
functions that currently take a *_func instead take a funcInfo and use
the already-found *moduledata.

This transformation is trivial for the most part, since the *_func
type is usually inferred. The annoying part is that we can no longer
use nil to indicate failure, so this introduces a funcInfo.valid()
method and replaces nil checks with calls to valid.

Change-Id: I9b8075ef1c31185c1943596d96dec45c7ab5100f
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/37331
Run-TryBot: Austin Clements <austin@google.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Michael Hudson-Doyle <michael.hudson@canonical.com>
2017-03-06 19:17:24 +00:00
Austin Clements 3399fd254d runtime: remove unused gcstats
The gcstats structure is no longer consumed by anything and no longer
tracks statistics that are particularly relevant to the concurrent
garbage collector. Remove it. (Having statistics is probably a good
idea, but these aren't the stats we need these days and we don't have
a way to get them out of the runtime.)

In preparation for #13613.

Change-Id: Ib63e2f9067850668f9dcbfd4ed89aab4a6622c3f
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/34936
Run-TryBot: Austin Clements <austin@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Rick Hudson <rlh@golang.org>
2017-03-04 02:56:35 +00:00
Russ Cox a1261b8b0a runtime: do not allocate on every time.Sleep
It's common for some goroutines to loop calling time.Sleep.
Allocate once per goroutine, not every time.
This comes up in runtime/pprof's background reader.

Change-Id: I89d17dc7379dca266d2c9cd3aefc2382f5bdbade
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/37162
Reviewed-by: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Austin Clements <austin@google.com>
2017-02-24 15:34:01 +00:00
Russ Cox b788fd80e6 runtime: new profile buffer implementation supporting label pointers
The existing CPU profiling buffer is a slice of uintptr, but we want to
start including profiling label data in the profiles, and those labels need
to be pointers in order to let them describe rich information.

This CL implements a new profBuf type that holds both a slice of uint64
for data and a slice of unsafe.Pointer for profiling labels (aka tags).
Making the runtime use these buffers will happen in followup CLs.

Change-Id: I9ff16b532d8edaf4ce0cbba1098229a561834efc
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/36713
Run-TryBot: Russ Cox <rsc@golang.org>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Austin Clements <austin@google.com>
2017-02-23 19:47:23 +00:00
Russ Cox 990124da2a runtime: use balanced tree for addr lookup in semaphore implementation
CL 36792 fixed #17953, a linear scan caused by n goroutines piling into
two different locks that hashed to the same bucket in the semaphore table.
In that CL, n goroutines contending for 2 unfortunately chosen locks
went from O(n²) to O(n).

This CL fixes a different linear scan, when n goroutines are contending for
n/2 different locks that all hash to the same bucket in the semaphore table.
In this CL, n goroutines contending for n/2 unfortunately chosen locks
goes from O(n²) to O(n log n). This case is much less likely, but any linear
scan eventually hurts, so we might as well fix it while the problem is fresh
in our minds.

The new test in this CL checks for both linear scans.

The effect of this CL on the sync benchmarks is negligible
(but it fixes the new test).

name                      old time/op    new time/op    delta
Cond1-48                     576ns ±10%     575ns ±13%     ~     (p=0.679 n=71+71)
Cond2-48                    1.59µs ± 8%    1.61µs ± 9%     ~     (p=0.107 n=73+69)
Cond4-48                    4.56µs ± 7%    4.55µs ± 7%     ~     (p=0.670 n=74+72)
Cond8-48                    9.87µs ± 9%    9.90µs ± 7%     ~     (p=0.507 n=69+73)
Cond16-48                   20.4µs ± 7%    20.4µs ±10%     ~     (p=0.588 n=69+71)
Cond32-48                   45.4µs ±10%    45.4µs ±14%     ~     (p=0.944 n=73+73)
UncontendedSemaphore-48     19.7ns ±12%    19.7ns ± 8%     ~     (p=0.589 n=65+63)
ContendedSemaphore-48       55.4ns ±26%    54.9ns ±32%     ~     (p=0.441 n=75+75)
MutexUncontended-48         0.63ns ± 0%    0.63ns ± 0%     ~     (all equal)
Mutex-48                     210ns ± 6%     213ns ±10%   +1.30%  (p=0.035 n=70+74)
MutexSlack-48                210ns ± 7%     211ns ± 9%     ~     (p=0.184 n=71+72)
MutexWork-48                 299ns ± 5%     300ns ± 5%     ~     (p=0.678 n=73+75)
MutexWorkSlack-48            302ns ± 6%     300ns ± 5%     ~     (p=0.149 n=74+72)
MutexNoSpin-48               135ns ± 6%     135ns ±10%     ~     (p=0.788 n=67+75)
MutexSpin-48                 693ns ± 5%     689ns ± 6%     ~     (p=0.092 n=65+74)
Once-48                     0.22ns ±25%    0.22ns ±24%     ~     (p=0.882 n=74+73)
Pool-48                     5.88ns ±36%    5.79ns ±24%     ~     (p=0.655 n=69+69)
PoolOverflow-48             4.79µs ±18%    4.87µs ±20%     ~     (p=0.233 n=75+75)
SemaUncontended-48          0.80ns ± 1%    0.82ns ± 8%   +2.46%  (p=0.000 n=60+74)
SemaSyntNonblock-48          103ns ± 4%     102ns ± 5%   -1.11%  (p=0.003 n=75+75)
SemaSyntBlock-48             104ns ± 4%     104ns ± 5%     ~     (p=0.231 n=71+75)
SemaWorkNonblock-48          128ns ± 4%     129ns ± 6%   +1.51%  (p=0.000 n=63+75)
SemaWorkBlock-48             129ns ± 8%     130ns ± 7%     ~     (p=0.072 n=75+74)
RWMutexUncontended-48       2.35ns ± 1%    2.35ns ± 0%     ~     (p=0.144 n=70+55)
RWMutexWrite100-48           139ns ±18%     141ns ±21%     ~     (p=0.071 n=75+73)
RWMutexWrite10-48            145ns ± 9%     145ns ± 8%     ~     (p=0.553 n=75+75)
RWMutexWorkWrite100-48       297ns ±13%     297ns ±15%     ~     (p=0.519 n=75+74)
RWMutexWorkWrite10-48        588ns ± 7%     585ns ± 5%     ~     (p=0.173 n=73+70)
WaitGroupUncontended-48     0.87ns ± 0%    0.87ns ± 0%     ~     (all equal)
WaitGroupAddDone-48         63.2ns ± 4%    62.7ns ± 4%   -0.82%  (p=0.027 n=72+75)
WaitGroupAddDoneWork-48      109ns ± 5%     109ns ± 4%     ~     (p=0.233 n=75+75)
WaitGroupWait-48            0.17ns ± 0%    0.16ns ±16%   -8.55%  (p=0.000 n=56+75)
WaitGroupWaitWork-48        1.78ns ± 1%    2.08ns ± 5%  +16.92%  (p=0.000 n=74+70)
WaitGroupActuallyWait-48    52.0ns ± 3%    50.6ns ± 5%   -2.70%  (p=0.000 n=71+69)

https://perf.golang.org/search?q=upload:20170215.1

Change-Id: Ia29a8bd006c089e401ec4297c3038cca656bcd0a
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/37103
Run-TryBot: Russ Cox <rsc@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@golang.org>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
2017-02-16 17:52:15 +00:00
Austin Clements 0993b2fd06 runtime: remove g.stackAlloc
Since we're no longer stealing space for the stack barrier array from
the stack allocation, the stack allocation is simply
g.stack.hi-g.stack.lo.

Updates #17503.

Change-Id: Id9b450ae12c3df9ec59cfc4365481a0a16b7c601
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/36621
Run-TryBot: Austin Clements <austin@google.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Rick Hudson <rlh@golang.org>
2017-02-14 15:52:56 +00:00
Austin Clements d089a6c718 runtime: remove stack barriers
Now that we don't rescan stacks, stack barriers are unnecessary. This
removes all of the code and structures supporting them as well as
tests that were specifically for stack barriers.

Updates #17503.

Change-Id: Ia29221730e0f2bbe7beab4fa757f31a032d9690c
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/36620
Run-TryBot: Austin Clements <austin@google.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Brad Fitzpatrick <bradfitz@golang.org>
2017-02-14 15:52:54 +00:00
Austin Clements c5ebcd2c8a runtime: remove rescan list
With the hybrid barrier, rescanning stacks is no longer necessary so
the rescan list is no longer necessary. Remove it.

This leaves the gcrescanstacks GODEBUG variable, since it's useful for
debugging, but changes it to simply walk all of the Gs to rescan
stacks rather than using the rescan list.

We could also remove g.gcscanvalid, which is effectively a distributed
rescan list. However, it's still useful for gcrescanstacks mode and it
adds little complexity, so we'll leave it in.

Fixes #17099.
Updates #17503.

Change-Id: I776d43f0729567335ef1bfd145b75c74de2cc7a9
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/36619
Run-TryBot: Austin Clements <austin@google.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Rick Hudson <rlh@golang.org>
2017-02-14 15:52:51 +00:00
Keith Randall 5a75d6a08e cmd/compile: optimize non-empty-interface type conversions
When doing i.(T) for non-empty-interface i and concrete type T,
there's no need to read the type out of the itab. Just compare the
itab to the itab we expect for that interface/type pair.

Also optimize type switches by putting the type hash of the
concrete type in the itab. That way we don't need to load the
type pointer out of the itab.

Update #18492

Change-Id: I49e280a21e5687e771db5b8a56b685291ac168ce
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/34810
Run-TryBot: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Josh Bleecher Snyder <josharian@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: David Chase <drchase@google.com>
2017-02-13 18:16:31 +00:00
Russ Cox 45c6f59e1f runtime: use two-level list for semaphore address search in semaRoot
If there are many goroutines contending for two different locks
and both locks hash to the same semaRoot, the scans to find the
goroutines for a particular lock can end up being O(n), making
n lock acquisitions quadratic.

As long as only one actively-used lock hashes to each semaRoot
there's no problem, since the list operations in that case are O(1).
But when the second actively-used lock hits the same semaRoot,
then scans for entries with for a given lock have to scan over the
entries for the other lock.

Fix this problem by changing the semaRoot to hold only one sudog
per unique address. In the running example, this drops the length of
that list from O(n) to 2. Then attach other goroutines waiting on the
same address to a separate list headed by the sudog in the semaRoot list.
Those "same address list" operations are still O(1), so now the
example from above works much better.

There is still an assumption here that in real programs you don't have
many many goroutines queueing up on many many distinct addresses.
If we end up with that problem, we can replace the top-level list with
a treap.

Fixes #17953.

Change-Id: I78c5b1a5053845275ab31686038aa4f6db5720b2
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/36792
Run-TryBot: Russ Cox <rsc@golang.org>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@golang.org>
2017-02-12 15:54:16 +00:00