diff --git a/doc/godebug.md b/doc/godebug.md
index 51ec4cb05a..7b5fd3e48b 100644
--- a/doc/godebug.md
+++ b/doc/godebug.md
@@ -157,6 +157,17 @@ no-op. This behavior is controlled by the `randseednop` setting.
 For Go 1.24 it defaults to `randseednop=1`.
 Using `randseednop=0` reverts to the pre-Go 1.24 behavior.
 
+Go 1.24 added new values for the `multipathtcp` setting.
+The possible values for `multipathtcp` are now:
+- "0": disable MPTCP on dialers and listeners by default
+- "1": enable MPTCP on dialers and listeners by default
+- "2": enable MPTCP on listeners only by default
+- "3": enable MPTCP on dialers only by default
+
+For Go 1.24, it now defaults to multipathtcp="2", thus
+enabled by default on listerners. Using multipathtcp="0" reverts to the
+pre-Go 1.24 behavior.
+
 ### Go 1.23
 
 Go 1.23 changed the channels created by package time to be unbuffered
diff --git a/doc/next/6-stdlib/99-minor/net/56539.md b/doc/next/6-stdlib/99-minor/net/56539.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6761539d3e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/doc/next/6-stdlib/99-minor/net/56539.md
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+[ListenConfig] now uses MPTCP by default on systems where it is supported
+(currently on Linux only).
diff --git a/src/internal/godebugs/table.go b/src/internal/godebugs/table.go
index f8d30db5a3..59d4fa7d5b 100644
--- a/src/internal/godebugs/table.go
+++ b/src/internal/godebugs/table.go
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ var All = []Info{
 	//{Name: "multipartfiles", Package: "mime/multipart"},
 	{Name: "multipartmaxheaders", Package: "mime/multipart"},
 	{Name: "multipartmaxparts", Package: "mime/multipart"},
-	{Name: "multipathtcp", Package: "net"},
+	{Name: "multipathtcp", Package: "net", Changed: 24, Old: "0"},
 	{Name: "netdns", Package: "net", Opaque: true},
 	{Name: "netedns0", Package: "net", Changed: 19, Old: "0"},
 	{Name: "panicnil", Package: "runtime", Changed: 21, Old: "1"},
diff --git a/src/net/dial.go b/src/net/dial.go
index 28f346a372..e081fca7b7 100644
--- a/src/net/dial.go
+++ b/src/net/dial.go
@@ -25,46 +25,93 @@ const (
 	// defaultTCPKeepAliveCount is a default constant value for TCP_KEEPCNT.
 	defaultTCPKeepAliveCount = 9
 
-	// For the moment, MultiPath TCP is not used by default
+	// For the moment, MultiPath TCP is used by default with listeners, if
+	// available, but not with dialers.
 	// See go.dev/issue/56539
-	defaultMPTCPEnabled = false
+	defaultMPTCPEnabledListen = true
+	defaultMPTCPEnabledDial   = false
 )
 
+// The type of service offered
+//
+//	0 == MPTCP disabled
+//	1 == MPTCP enabled
+//	2 == MPTCP enabled on listeners only
+//	3 == MPTCP enabled on dialers only
 var multipathtcp = godebug.New("multipathtcp")
 
-// mptcpStatus is a tristate for Multipath TCP, see go.dev/issue/56539
-type mptcpStatus uint8
+// mptcpStatusDial is a tristate for Multipath TCP on clients,
+// see go.dev/issue/56539
+type mptcpStatusDial uint8
 
 const (
-	// The value 0 is the system default, linked to defaultMPTCPEnabled
-	mptcpUseDefault mptcpStatus = iota
-	mptcpEnabled
-	mptcpDisabled
+	// The value 0 is the system default, linked to defaultMPTCPEnabledDial
+	mptcpUseDefaultDial mptcpStatusDial = iota
+	mptcpEnabledDial
+	mptcpDisabledDial
 )
 
-func (m *mptcpStatus) get() bool {
+func (m *mptcpStatusDial) get() bool {
 	switch *m {
-	case mptcpEnabled:
+	case mptcpEnabledDial:
 		return true
-	case mptcpDisabled:
+	case mptcpDisabledDial:
 		return false
 	}
 
 	// If MPTCP is forced via GODEBUG=multipathtcp=1
-	if multipathtcp.Value() == "1" {
+	if multipathtcp.Value() == "1" || multipathtcp.Value() == "3" {
 		multipathtcp.IncNonDefault()
 
 		return true
 	}
 
-	return defaultMPTCPEnabled
+	return defaultMPTCPEnabledDial
 }
 
-func (m *mptcpStatus) set(use bool) {
+func (m *mptcpStatusDial) set(use bool) {
 	if use {
-		*m = mptcpEnabled
+		*m = mptcpEnabledDial
 	} else {
-		*m = mptcpDisabled
+		*m = mptcpDisabledDial
+	}
+}
+
+// mptcpStatusListen is a tristate for Multipath TCP on servers,
+// see go.dev/issue/56539
+type mptcpStatusListen uint8
+
+const (
+	// The value 0 is the system default, linked to defaultMPTCPEnabledListen
+	mptcpUseDefaultListen mptcpStatusListen = iota
+	mptcpEnabledListen
+	mptcpDisabledListen
+)
+
+func (m *mptcpStatusListen) get() bool {
+	switch *m {
+	case mptcpEnabledListen:
+		return true
+	case mptcpDisabledListen:
+		return false
+	}
+
+	// If MPTCP is disabled via GODEBUG=multipathtcp=0 or only
+	// enabled on dialers, but not on listeners.
+	if multipathtcp.Value() == "0" || multipathtcp.Value() == "3" {
+		multipathtcp.IncNonDefault()
+
+		return false
+	}
+
+	return defaultMPTCPEnabledListen
+}
+
+func (m *mptcpStatusListen) set(use bool) {
+	if use {
+		*m = mptcpEnabledListen
+	} else {
+		*m = mptcpDisabledListen
 	}
 }
 
@@ -175,7 +222,7 @@ type Dialer struct {
 	// If mptcpStatus is set to a value allowing Multipath TCP (MPTCP) to be
 	// used, any call to Dial with "tcp(4|6)" as network will use MPTCP if
 	// supported by the operating system.
-	mptcpStatus mptcpStatus
+	mptcpStatus mptcpStatusDial
 }
 
 func (d *Dialer) dualStack() bool { return d.FallbackDelay >= 0 }
@@ -720,7 +767,7 @@ type ListenConfig struct {
 	// If mptcpStatus is set to a value allowing Multipath TCP (MPTCP) to be
 	// used, any call to Listen with "tcp(4|6)" as network will use MPTCP if
 	// supported by the operating system.
-	mptcpStatus mptcpStatus
+	mptcpStatus mptcpStatusListen
 }
 
 // MultipathTCP reports whether MPTCP will be used.